116 linux io performance system-administration iostat
如果我使用"top",我可以看到CPU正在忙什么以及什么进程正在使用我的所有CPU.
如果我使用"iostat -x",我可以看到什么驱动器正忙.
但是,如何查看哪个进程正在使用所有驱动器的吞吐量?
小智 160
你正在寻找iotop(假设你有内核> 2.6.20和Python 2.5).如果做不到这一点,你就会考虑进入文件系统.我推荐前者.
小智 15
要找出当前正在运行状态"D"(等待磁盘响应)的进程:
while true; do date; ps aux | awk '{if($8=="D") print $0;}'; sleep 1; done
要么
watch -n1 -d "ps axu | awk '{if (\$8==\"D\") {print \$0}}'"
Wed Aug 29 13:00:46 CLT 2012
root 321 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 4:25 \_ [jbd2/dm-0-8]
Wed Aug 29 13:00:47 CLT 2012
Wed Aug 29 13:00:48 CLT 2012
Wed Aug 29 13:00:49 CLT 2012
Wed Aug 29 13:00:50 CLT 2012
root 321 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 4:25 \_ [jbd2/dm-0-8]
Wed Aug 29 13:00:51 CLT 2012
Wed Aug 29 13:00:52 CLT 2012
Wed Aug 29 13:00:53 CLT 2012
Wed Aug 29 13:00:55 CLT 2012
Wed Aug 29 13:00:56 CLT 2012
root 321 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 4:25 \_ [jbd2/dm-0-8]
Wed Aug 29 13:00:57 CLT 2012
root 302 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 3:07 \_ [kdmflush]
root 321 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 4:25 \_ [jbd2/dm-0-8]
Wed Aug 29 13:00:58 CLT 2012
root 302 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 3:07 \_ [kdmflush]
root 321 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 4:25 \_ [jbd2/dm-0-8]
Wed Aug 29 13:00:59 CLT 2012
root 302 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 3:07 \_ [kdmflush]
root 321 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 4:25 \_ [jbd2/dm-0-8]
Wed Aug 29 13:01:00 CLT 2012
root 302 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 3:07 \_ [kdmflush]
root 321 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 4:25 \_ [jbd2/dm-0-8]
Wed Aug 29 13:01:01 CLT 2012
root 302 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 3:07 \_ [kdmflush]
root 321 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 4:25 \_ [jbd2/dm-0-8]
Wed Aug 29 13:01:02 CLT 2012
Wed Aug 29 13:01:03 CLT 2012
root 321 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? D May28 4:25 \_ [jbd2/dm-0-8]
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
从结果中可以看出,jdb2/dm-0-8(ext4日志进程)和kdmflush会不断阻止你的Linux.
有关更多详细信息,此URL可能会有所帮助:Linux Wait-IO问题
atop也运行良好,即使在无法运行iotop的旧版CentOS 5.x系统上也能轻松安装.点击d显示磁盘详细信息,?寻求帮助.
ATOP - mybox 2014/09/08 15:26:00 ------ 10s elapsed
PRC | sys 0.33s | user 1.08s | | #proc 161 | #zombie 0 | clones 31 | | #exit 16 |
CPU | sys 4% | user 11% | irq 0% | idle 306% | wait 79% | | steal 1% | guest 0% |
cpu | sys 2% | user 8% | irq 0% | idle 11% | cpu000 w 78% | | steal 0% | guest 0% |
cpu | sys 1% | user 1% | irq 0% | idle 98% | cpu001 w 0% | | steal 0% | guest 0% |
cpu | sys 1% | user 1% | irq 0% | idle 99% | cpu003 w 0% | | steal 0% | guest 0% |
cpu | sys 0% | user 1% | irq 0% | idle 99% | cpu002 w 0% | | steal 0% | guest 0% |
CPL | avg1 2.09 | avg5 2.09 | avg15 2.09 | | csw 54184 | intr 33581 | | numcpu 4 |
MEM | tot 8.0G | free 81.9M | cache 2.9G | dirty 0.8M | buff 174.7M | slab 305.0M | | |
SWP | tot 2.0G | free 2.0G | | | | | vmcom 8.4G | vmlim 6.0G |
LVM | Group00-root | busy 85% | read 0 | write 30658 | KiB/w 4 | MBr/s 0.00 | MBw/s 11.98 | avio 0.28 ms |
DSK | xvdb | busy 85% | read 0 | write 23706 | KiB/w 5 | MBr/s 0.00 | MBw/s 11.97 | avio 0.36 ms |
NET | transport | tcpi 2705 | tcpo 2008 | udpi 36 | udpo 43 | tcpao 14 | tcppo 45 | tcprs 1 |
NET | network | ipi 2788 | ipo 2072 | ipfrw 0 | deliv 2768 | | icmpi 7 | icmpo 20 |
NET | eth0 ---- | pcki 2344 | pcko 1623 | si 1455 Kbps | so 781 Kbps | erri 0 | erro 0 | drpo 0 |
NET | lo ---- | pcki 423 | pcko 423 | si 88 Kbps | so 88 Kbps | erri 0 | erro 0 | drpo 0 |
NET | eth1 ---- | pcki 22 | pcko 26 | si 3 Kbps | so 5 Kbps | erri 0 | erro 0 | drpo 0 |
PID RDDSK WRDSK WCANCL DSK CMD 1/1
9862 0K 53124K 0K 98% java
358 0K 636K 0K 1% jbd2/dm-0-8
13893 0K 192K 72K 0% java
1699 0K 60K 0K 0% syslogd
4668 0K 24K 0K 0% zabbix_agentd
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
这清楚地表明java pid 9862是罪魁祸首.
TL; 博士
如果您可以使用iotop,请这样做。否则这可能会有所帮助。
使用top,然后使用这些快捷方式:
d 1 = set refresh time from 3 to 1 second
1 = show stats for each cpu, not cumulated
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
这必须显示> 1.0 wa至少一个核心的值- 如果没有磁盘等待,则根本没有 IO 负载,无需进一步查看。显着负载通常开始> 15.0 wa。
x = highlight current sort column
< and > = change sort column
R = reverse sort order
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
选择“S”,进程状态栏。颠倒排序顺序,以便“R”(正在运行)进程显示在顶部。如果你能发现“D”进程(等待磁盘),你就有了一个指标,你的罪魁祸首可能是什么。
带有 -a 标志的 iotop:
-a, --accumulated show accumulated I/O instead of bandwidth
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)