为Pycharm内置的项目运行pyinstaller时，如何包括venv目录中的依赖项？

Question

我是Python和PyCharm的新手。我在OSX High Sierra上运行。

我已经在PyCharm中创建了一个使用lxml的项目。我已经将lxml 4.1.1安装为项目依赖项，并且可以在myProject / venv / lib / site-package / lxml下看到它的文件。

我可以从PyCharm内运行脚本，但是我无法构建包含lxml库的可执行文件。

我从命令行使用pyinstaller 3.3.1。该项目已生成，但是当我运行可执行文件时，我得到了他的输出：

追溯（最近一次调用）：文件“ analyze.py”，在ImportError中的第13行，没有名为lxml的模块[4222]无法执行脚本分析

我一直在寻找一些命令行开关，该命令行开关告诉pyinstaller在venv目录下包括依赖项，但是没有运气。

任何帮助将非常感激...

这是我的构建命令和输出：

pyinstaller --clean --onefile analyze.py
51 INFO: PyInstaller: 3.3.1
51 INFO: Python: 2.7.10
60 INFO: Platform: Darwin-17.4.0-x86_64-i386-64bit
60 INFO: wrote /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/analyze.spec
66 INFO: UPX is not available.
66 INFO: Removing temporary files and cleaning cache in /Users/gludwig/Library/Application Support/pyinstaller
76 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with paths
['/Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer',
 '/Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer']
76 INFO: checking Analysis
76 INFO: Building Analysis because out00-Analysis.toc is non existent
76 INFO: Initializing module dependency graph...
79 INFO: Initializing module graph hooks...
130 INFO: running Analysis out00-Analysis.toc
138 INFO: Caching module hooks...
141 INFO: Analyzing /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/analyze.py
2363 INFO: Loading module hooks...
2364 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-httplib.py"...
2364 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-encodings.py"...
2874 INFO: Looking for ctypes DLLs
2874 INFO: Analyzing run-time hooks ...
2879 INFO: Looking for dynamic libraries
2995 INFO: Looking for eggs
2995 INFO: Using Python library /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Python
2996 INFO: Warnings written to /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/build/analyze/warnanalyze.txt
3009 INFO: Graph cross-reference written to /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/build/analyze/xref-analyze.html
3087 INFO: checking PYZ
3087 INFO: Building PYZ because out00-PYZ.toc is non existent
3087 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/build/analyze/out00-PYZ.pyz
3331 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/build/analyze/out00-PYZ.pyz completed successfully.
3403 INFO: checking PKG
3403 INFO: Building PKG because out00-PKG.toc is non existent
3403 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) out00-PKG.pkg
5669 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) out00-PKG.pkg completed successfully.
5685 INFO: Bootloader /Users/gludwig/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/PyInstaller/bootloader/Darwin-64bit/run
5685 INFO: checking EXE
5685 INFO: Building EXE because out00-EXE.toc is non existent
5685 INFO: Building EXE from out00-EXE.toc
5686 INFO: Appending archive to EXE /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/dist/analyze
5703 INFO: Fixing EXE for code signing /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/dist/analyze
5716 INFO: Building EXE from out00-EXE.toc completed successfully.

此外，pyinstaller会在构建过程中生成一个警告文件，其中包含以下内容：

missing module named org - imported by copy
missing module named _sha512 - imported by hashlib
missing module named _sha256 - imported by hashlib
missing module named _md5 - imported by hashlib
missing module named _sha - imported by hashlib
missing module named 'org.python' - imported by pickle
missing module named _subprocess - imported by subprocess
missing module named msvcrt - imported by subprocess, getpass
missing module named riscosenviron - imported by os
missing module named riscospath - imported by os
missing module named riscos - imported by os
missing module named ce - imported by os
missing module named _emx_link - imported by os
missing module named os2 - imported by os
missing module named nt - imported by os, ntpath
missing module named _winreg - imported by mimetypes, urllib
missing module named OverrideFrom23 - imported by Carbon.Res
missing module named SOCKS - imported by ftplib
missing module named rourl2path - imported by urllib
missing module named lxml - imported by /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/analyze.py

我还尝试过以这种方式为venv中的库条目提供路径到pyinstaller：

pyi-makespec --paths =〜/ PycharmProjects / XML_Analyzer \ path =〜/ PycharmProjects / XML_Analyzer / venv / lib / python2.7 / sitepackages / lxml analytics.py pyinstaller --onefile analytics.py

它没有帮助。

Answer 1

George 提供的答案使我朝着正确的方向前进，但我选择了另一条路；)

我使用--paths命令行选项（请参阅此处）来指示 site-packages 目录的位置，并为我解决了这个问题。我正在使用 Windows 并想要一个可执行文件，所以这是命令行

path\to\pyinstaller.exe --onefile --paths path\to\venv\Lib\site-packages file.py

Answer 2

终于解决了它，并在同一条船上将其发布在这里：

事实证明，当使用virtualenv并要进行构建时，必须添加环境变量PYTHONPATH指向virtualenv目录的site-packages目录。就我而言，它看起来像这样：

PYTHONPATH="/Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages"
export PYTHONPATH

为了方便起见，我将其添加到virtualenv创建的激活文件中，以便在激活virtualenv时自动对其进行设置。我还向停用部分添加了“未设置PYTHONPATH”。

如果在virtualenv设置环境时自动完成此操作，那将非常有帮助！