使用JavaScript将参数添加到URL

Question

在使用AJAX调用的Web应用程序中,我需要提交请求,但在URL的末尾添加一个参数,例如:

原始网址:

HTTP://server/myapp.php ID = 10

结果URL:

http://server/myapp.php？id = 10 &enabled = true

寻找一个解析每个参数的URL的JavaScript函数,然后添加新参数或更新值(如果已存在).

Answer 1

您可以使用以下方法之一:

• https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL
• https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams

例:

var url = new URL("http://foo.bar/?x=1&y=2");

// If your expected result is "http://foo.bar/?x=1&y=2&x=42"
url.searchParams.append('x', 42);

// If your expected result is "http://foo.bar/?x=42&y=2"
url.searchParams.set('x', 42);

Answer 2

您需要适应的基本实现看起来像这样:

function insertParam(key, value)
{
    key = encodeURI(key); value = encodeURI(value);

    var kvp = document.location.search.substr(1).split('&');

    var i=kvp.length; var x; while(i--) 
    {
        x = kvp[i].split('=');

        if (x[0]==key)
        {
            x[1] = value;
            kvp[i] = x.join('=');
            break;
        }
    }

    if(i<0) {kvp[kvp.length] = [key,value].join('=');}

    //this will reload the page, it's likely better to store this until finished
    document.location.search = kvp.join('&'); 
}

这大约是正则表达式或基于搜索的解决方案的两倍,但这完全取决于查询字符串的长度和任何匹配的索引

为了完成而我使用慢速正则表达式进行基准测试(大约慢了150%)

function insertParam2(key,value)
{
    key = encodeURIComponent(key); value = encodeURIComponent(value);

    var s = document.location.search;
    var kvp = key+"="+value;

    var r = new RegExp("(&|\\?)"+key+"=[^\&]*");

    s = s.replace(r,"$1"+kvp);

    if(!RegExp.$1) {s += (s.length>0 ? '&' : '?') + kvp;};

    //again, do what you will here
    document.location.search = s;
}

Answer 3

const urlParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);

urlParams.set('order', 'date');

window.location.search = urlParams;

.set 第一个参数是键，第二个参数是值。

Answer 4

谢谢大家的贡献.我使用annakata代码并修改为还包括url中根本没有查询字符串的情况.希望这会有所帮助.

function insertParam(key, value) {
        key = escape(key); value = escape(value);

        var kvp = document.location.search.substr(1).split('&');
        if (kvp == '') {
            document.location.search = '?' + key + '=' + value;
        }
        else {

            var i = kvp.length; var x; while (i--) {
                x = kvp[i].split('=');

                if (x[0] == key) {
                    x[1] = value;
                    kvp[i] = x.join('=');
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (i < 0) { kvp[kvp.length] = [key, value].join('='); }

            //this will reload the page, it's likely better to store this until finished
            document.location.search = kvp.join('&');
        }
    }

Answer 5

这是非常简单的解决方案.它不控制参数存在,也不改变现有值.它将您的参数添加到end,因此您可以在后端代码中获取最新值.

function addParameterToURL(param){
    _url = location.href;
    _url += (_url.split('?')[1] ? '&':'?') + param;
    return _url;
}

Answer 6

这是一个非常简化的版本,为了易读性和更少的代码行而不是微优化的性能进行权衡(我们正在谈论几毫秒的差异,实际上......由于其性质(在当前文档的位置上运行) ),这很可能会在页面上运行一次).

/**
* Add a URL parameter (or changing it if it already exists)
* @param {search} string  this is typically document.location.search
* @param {key}    string  the key to set
* @param {val}    string  value 
*/
var addUrlParam = function(search, key, val){
  var newParam = key + '=' + val,
      params = '?' + newParam;

  // If the "search" string exists, then build params from it
  if (search) {
    // Try to replace an existance instance
    params = search.replace(new RegExp('([?&])' + key + '[^&]*'), '$1' + newParam);

    // If nothing was replaced, then add the new param to the end
    if (params === search) {
      params += '&' + newParam;
    }
  }

  return params;
};

然后你会像这样使用它:

document.location.pathname + addUrlParam(document.location.search, 'foo', 'bar');

Answer 7

/**
* Add a URL parameter 
* @param {string} url 
* @param {string} param the key to set
* @param {string} value 
*/
var addParam = function(url, param, value) {
   param = encodeURIComponent(param);
   var a = document.createElement('a');
   param += (value ? "=" + encodeURIComponent(value) : ""); 
   a.href = url;
   a.search += (a.search ? "&" : "") + param;
   return a.href;
}

/**
* Add a URL parameter (or modify if already exists)
* @param {string} url 
* @param {string} param the key to set
* @param {string} value 
*/
var addOrReplaceParam = function(url, param, value) {
   param = encodeURIComponent(param);
   var r = "([&?]|&)" + param + "\\b(?:=(?:[^&#]*))*";
   var a = document.createElement('a');
   var regex = new RegExp(r);
   var str = param + (value ? "=" + encodeURIComponent(value) : ""); 
   a.href = url;
   var q = a.search.replace(regex, "$1"+str);
   if (q === a.search) {
      a.search += (a.search ? "&" : "") + str;
   } else {
      a.search = q;
   }
   return a.href;
}

url = "http://www.example.com#hashme";
newurl = addParam(url, "ciao", "1");
alert(newurl);

请注意,参数应在追加到查询字符串之前进行编码.

http://jsfiddle.net/48z7z4kx/

Answer 8

我有一个'类'来做这个,这里是:

function QS(){
    this.qs = {};
    var s = location.search.replace( /^\?|#.*$/g, '' );
    if( s ) {
        var qsParts = s.split('&');
        var i, nv;
        for (i = 0; i < qsParts.length; i++) {
            nv = qsParts[i].split('=');
            this.qs[nv[0]] = nv[1];
        }
    }
}

QS.prototype.add = function( name, value ) {
    if( arguments.length == 1 && arguments[0].constructor == Object ) {
        this.addMany( arguments[0] );
        return;
    }
    this.qs[name] = value;
}

QS.prototype.addMany = function( newValues ) {
    for( nv in newValues ) {
        this.qs[nv] = newValues[nv];
    }
}

QS.prototype.remove = function( name ) {
    if( arguments.length == 1 && arguments[0].constructor == Array ) {
        this.removeMany( arguments[0] );
        return;
    }
    delete this.qs[name];
}

QS.prototype.removeMany = function( deleteNames ) {
    var i;
    for( i = 0; i < deleteNames.length; i++ ) {
        delete this.qs[deleteNames[i]];
    }
}

QS.prototype.getQueryString = function() {
    var nv, q = [];
    for( nv in this.qs ) {
        q[q.length] = nv+'='+this.qs[nv];
    }
    return q.join( '&' );
}

QS.prototype.toString = QS.prototype.getQueryString;

//examples
//instantiation
var qs = new QS;
alert( qs );

//add a sinle name/value
qs.add( 'new', 'true' );
alert( qs );

//add multiple key/values
qs.add( { x: 'X', y: 'Y' } );
alert( qs );

//remove single key
qs.remove( 'new' )
alert( qs );

//remove multiple keys
qs.remove( ['x', 'bogus'] )
alert( qs );

我已经重写了toString方法,所以不需要调用QS :: getQueryString,你可以使用QS :: toString,或者我在示例中所做的只是依赖于被强制转换为字符串的对象.

Answer 9

URL类内部有一个内置函数，您可以使用它来轻松处理查询字符串键/值参数：

const url = new URL(window.location.href);
// url.searchParams has several function, we just use `set` function
// to set a value, if you just want to append without replacing value
// let use `append` function

url.searchParams.set('key', 'value');

console.log(url.search) // <== '?key=value'

// if window.location.href has already some qs params this `set` function
// modify or append key/value in it

有关的更多信息searchParams functions。

Answer 10

此解决方案使用更新的搜索参数更新窗口的当前 URL，而无需实际重新加载页面。这种方法在 PWA/SPA 环境中很有用。

function setURLSearchParam(key, value) {
  const url = new URL(window.location.href);
  url.searchParams.set(key, value);
  window.history.pushState({ path: url.href }, '', url.href);
}

Answer 11

如果你有一个带有url的字符串,你想用param装饰,你可以试试这个:

urlstring += ( urlstring.match( /[\?]/g ) ? '&' : '?' ) + 'param=value';

这意味着什么？将是参数的前缀,但如果你已经有？in urlstring,than &将成为前缀.

encodeURI( paramvariable )如果你没有硬编码参数,我也会建议做,但它在里面paramvariable; 或者如果你有滑稽的角色.

有关该功能的使用,请参阅javascript URL编码encodeURI.

Answer 12

以下功能将帮助您向 URL 或从 URL 添加、更新和删除参数。

//example1and

var myURL = '/search';

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?location=california

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?location=new%20york

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search

//示例2

var myURL = '/search?category=mobile';

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?category=mobile&location=california

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?category=mobile&location=new%20york

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search?category=mobile

//示例3

var myURL = '/search?location=texas';

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?location=california

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?location=new%20york

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search

//示例4

var myURL = '/search?category=mobile&location=texas';

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?category=mobile&location=california

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?category=mobile&location=new%20york

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search?category=mobile

//示例5

var myURL = 'https://example.com/search?location=texas#fragment';

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','california');
console.log('added location...' + myURL);
//added location.../search?location=california#fragment

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location','new york');
console.log('updated location...' + myURL);
//updated location.../search?location=new%20york#fragment

myURL = updateUrl(myURL,'location');
console.log('removed location...' + myURL);
//removed location.../search#fragment

这是功能。

function updateUrl(url,key,value){
      if(value!==undefined){
        value = encodeURI(value);
      }
      var hashIndex = url.indexOf("#")|0;
      if (hashIndex === -1) hashIndex = url.length|0;
      var urls = url.substring(0, hashIndex).split('?');
      var baseUrl = urls[0];
      var parameters = '';
      var outPara = {};
      if(urls.length>1){
          parameters = urls[1];
      }
      if(parameters!==''){
        parameters = parameters.split('&');
        for(k in parameters){
          var keyVal = parameters[k];
          keyVal = keyVal.split('=');
          var ekey = keyVal[0];
          var evalue = '';
          if(keyVal.length>1){
              evalue = keyVal[1];
          }
          outPara[ekey] = evalue;
        }
      }

      if(value!==undefined){
        outPara[key] = value;
      }else{
        delete outPara[key];
      }
      parameters = [];
      for(var k in outPara){
        parameters.push(k + '=' + outPara[k]);
      }

      var finalUrl = baseUrl;

      if(parameters.length>0){
        finalUrl += '?' + parameters.join('&'); 
      }

      return finalUrl + url.substring(hashIndex); 
  }

Answer 13

这是添加查询参数的简单方法:

const query = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
query.append("enabled", "true");

这就是更多.

请注意支持规格.

Answer 14

添加到@Vianney的答案/sf/answers/3091265901/

我们可以在node中导入内置的URL模块，如下所示

const { URL } = require('url');

例子：

Terminal $ node
> const { URL } = require('url');
undefined
> let url = new URL('', 'http://localhost:1989/v3/orders');
undefined
> url.href
'http://localhost:1989/v3/orders'
> let fetchAll=true, timePeriod = 30, b2b=false;
undefined
> url.href
'http://localhost:1989/v3/orders'
>  url.searchParams.append('fetchAll', fetchAll);
undefined
>  url.searchParams.append('timePeriod', timePeriod);
undefined
>  url.searchParams.append('b2b', b2b);
undefined
> url.href
'http://localhost:1989/v3/orders?fetchAll=true&timePeriod=30&b2b=false'
> url.toString()
'http://localhost:1989/v3/orders?fetchAll=true&timePeriod=30&b2b=false'

有用的链接：

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URL https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams

Answer 15

这是我自己的尝试，但我会使用 annakata 的答案，因为它看起来更清晰：

function AddUrlParameter(sourceUrl, parameterName, parameterValue, replaceDuplicates)
{
    if ((sourceUrl == null) || (sourceUrl.length == 0)) sourceUrl = document.location.href;
    var urlParts = sourceUrl.split("?");
    var newQueryString = "";
    if (urlParts.length > 1)
    {
        var parameters = urlParts[1].split("&");
        for (var i=0; (i < parameters.length); i++)
        {
            var parameterParts = parameters[i].split("=");
            if (!(replaceDuplicates && parameterParts[0] == parameterName))
            {
                if (newQueryString == "")
                    newQueryString = "?";
                else
                    newQueryString += "&";
                newQueryString += parameterParts[0] + "=" + parameterParts[1];
            }
        }
    }
    if (newQueryString == "")
        newQueryString = "?";
    else
        newQueryString += "&";
    newQueryString += parameterName + "=" + parameterValue;

    return urlParts[0] + newQueryString;
}

另外，我从 stackoverflow 上的另一篇文章中找到了这个 jQuery 插件，如果您需要更大的灵活性，可以使用它：http : //plugins.jquery.com/project/query-object

我认为代码将是（尚未测试）：

return $.query.parse(sourceUrl).set(parameterName, parameterValue).toString();

Answer 16

查看https://github.com/derek-watson/jsUri

Uri和javascript中的查询字符串操作。

该项目包含了Steven Levithan出色的parseUri正则表达式库。您可以安全地解析各种形状和大小的URL，但是这些URL无效或令人生厌。

Answer 17

有时我们?在最后的URL 看到,我发现了一些产生结果的解决方案file.php?&foo=bar.我按照自己的意愿完成了自己的解决方案工作!

location.origin + location.pathname + location.search + (location.search=='' ? '?' : '&') + 'lang=ar'

注意:location.origin在IE中不起作用,这是它的修复.

Answer 18

它处理这样的 URL：

• 空的
• 没有任何参数
• 已经有一些参数
• 末尾有?，但同时没有任何参数

它不处理这样的 URL：

• 带有片段标识符（即散列，#）
• 如果 URL 已经有必需的查询参数（那么将会有重复）

工作于：

• 铬32+
• 火狐浏览器 26+
• Safari 7.1+

function appendQueryParameter(url, name, value) {
    if (url.length === 0) {
        return;
    }

    let rawURL = url;

    // URL with `?` at the end and without query parameters
    // leads to incorrect result.
    if (rawURL.charAt(rawURL.length - 1) === "?") {
        rawURL = rawURL.slice(0, rawURL.length - 1);
    }

    const parsedURL = new URL(rawURL);
    let parameters = parsedURL.search;

    parameters += (parameters.length === 0) ? "?" : "&";
    parameters = (parameters + name + "=" + value);

    return (parsedURL.origin + parsedURL.pathname + parameters);
}

带有 ES6 模板字符串的版本。

工作于：

• 铬41+
• 火狐浏览器 32+
• Safari 9.1+

function appendQueryParameter(url, name, value) {
    if (url.length === 0) {
        return;
    }

    let rawURL = url;

    // URL with `?` at the end and without query parameters
    // leads to incorrect result.
    if (rawURL.charAt(rawURL.length - 1) === "?") {
        rawURL = rawURL.slice(0, rawURL.length - 1);
    }

    const parsedURL = new URL(rawURL);
    let parameters = parsedURL.search;

    parameters += (parameters.length === 0) ? "?" : "&";
    parameters = `${parameters}${name}=${value}`;

    return `${parsedURL.origin}${parsedURL.pathname}${parameters}`;
}

Answer 19

尝试这个。

// uses the URL class
function setParam(key, value) {
            let url = new URL(window.document.location);
            let params = new URLSearchParams(url.search.slice(1));

            if (params.has(key)) {
                params.set(key, value);
            }else {
                params.append(key, value);
            }
        }