无法通过 Heroku 中的 Selenium webdriver(Java) 调用无头 chrome 驱动程序

Question

我在 heroku 环境中调用无头 chrome 并在 WINDOWS（本地机器）中完美运行时遇到了一个问题。

错误：

 2018-02-07T05:37:22.412428+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `java -cp target/classes:target/dependency/* com.appirio.sd.TestScript` 2018-02-07T05:37:24.211467+00:00 app[web.1]: Setting JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS defaults based on dyno size. Custom settings will override them.

 2018-02-07T05:37:24.219616+00:00 app[web.1]: Picked up JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS: -Xmx300m -Xss512k -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.381460+00:00 app[web.1]: Invoke Browser
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.503816+00:00 app[web.1]: Path: /app/.apt/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.503854+00:00 app[web.1]: Driver Path: agent//chromedriver
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650636+00:00 app[web.1]: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: The driver is not executable: /app/agent/chromedriver
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650644+00:00 app[web.1]:    at com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkState(Preconditions.java:534)
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650650+00:00 app[web.1]:    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService.access$000(ChromeDriverService.java:32)
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650647+00:00 app[web.1]:    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.checkExecutable(DriverService.java:140)
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650655+00:00 app[web.1]:    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.build(DriverService.java:339)
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650649+00:00 app[web.1]:    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService.findExecutable(DriverService.java:131)
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650653+00:00 app[web.1]:    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService$Builder.findDefaultExecutable(ChromeDriverService.java:137)
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650657+00:00 app[web.1]:    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(ChromeDriverService.java:88)
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650658+00:00 app[web.1]:    at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:157)
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650660+00:00 app[web.1]:    at com.appirio.commands.Selenium.launchBrowser(Selenium.java:42)
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.650663+00:00 app[web.1]:    at com.appirio.sd.TestScript.main(TestScript.java:12)
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.733915+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to crashed
 2018-02-07T05:37:24.717297+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 1

代码截图：

    public WebDriver launchBrowser(){
    String driverPath="";
    if(getOS().equals(OS.WINDOWS)){
        driverPath="agent//chromedriver.exe";
    }else if(getOS().equals(OS.LINUX)){
        driverPath="agent//chromedriver";
    }   

    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    options.addArguments("--headless");
    options.addArguments("window-size=1200x600");
    if(getOS().equals(OS.LINUX)){
        try{   //GOOGLE_CHROME_SHIM GOOGLE_CHROME_BIN
            String binaryPath=EnvironmentUtils.getProcEnvironment().get("GOOGLE_CHROME_SHIM");
            System.out.println("Path: "+binaryPath);
            options.setBinary(binaryPath);     
            options.addArguments("--disable-gpu");
            options.addArguments("--no-sandbox");       
        }catch(Exception e){

        }
    }      

    System.out.println("Driver Path: "+driverPath);

    System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", driverPath);
    WebDriver driver=new ChromeDriver(options);

    return driver;
} 

Heroku 是 Linux 环境，所以很少有专门为 Linux env 添加的条件。

提前致谢！！！

Answer 1

在发布这个问题之前和之后，投入了足够的时间来解决这个问题。我很高兴地说它成功了。

解决方案：

我已经指定了驱动程序路径（在脚本中）并在 heroku env 中添加了驱动程序构建包。驱动程序路径造成了问题。因此，只需删除以下类似 heroku env 的代码并仅添加到 Windows

 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", driverPath);

因此，代码看起来像

public WebDriver launchBrowser(){
String driverPath="";
if(getOS().equals(OS.WINDOWS)){
    driverPath="agent//chromedriver.exe";
    System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", driverPath);
}  

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--headless");
options.addArguments("window-size=1200x600");
if(getOS().equals(OS.LINUX)){
    try{   //GOOGLE_CHROME_SHIM GOOGLE_CHROME_BIN
        String binaryPath=EnvironmentUtils.getProcEnvironment().get("GOOGLE_CHROME_SHIM");
        System.out.println("Path: "+binaryPath);
        options.setBinary(binaryPath);     
        options.addArguments("--disable-gpu");
        options.addArguments("--no-sandbox");       
    }catch(Exception e){

    }
}    

WebDriver driver=new ChromeDriver(options);

return driver;
} 

总结一下在 Heroku 中设置“调用 Headless chrome 的 selenium webdriver java 脚本”的整个方法：

将以下构建包添加到英雄应用程序

Heroku/Java

https://github.com/heroku/heroku-buildpack-google-chrome

https://github.com/heroku/heroku-buildpack-chromedriver

在 heroku 应用程序中部署代码

谢谢大家！

添加构建包的命令。

heroku buildpacks:set heroku/java
heroku buildpacks:add --index 1 https://github.com/heroku/heroku-buildpack-google-chrome
heroku buildpacks:add --index 2 https://github.com/heroku/heroku-buildpack-chromedriver