RGB到CMYK和后退算法

Question

我正在尝试实现计算RGB和CMYK之间转换的解决方案,反之亦然.这是我到目前为止:

  public static int[] rgbToCmyk(int red, int green, int blue)
    {
        int black = Math.min(Math.min(255 - red, 255 - green), 255 - blue);

        if (black!=255) {
            int cyan    = (255-red-black)/(255-black);
            int magenta = (255-green-black)/(255-black);
            int yellow  = (255-blue-black)/(255-black);
            return new int[] {cyan,magenta,yellow,black};
        } else {
            int cyan = 255 - red;
            int magenta = 255 - green;
            int yellow = 255 - blue;
            return new int[] {cyan,magenta,yellow,black};
        }
    }

    public static int[] cmykToRgb(int cyan, int magenta, int yellow, int black)
    {
        if (black!=255) {
            int R = ((255-cyan) * (255-black)) / 255; 
            int G = ((255-magenta) * (255-black)) / 255; 
            int B = ((255-yellow) * (255-black)) / 255;
            return new int[] {R,G,B};
        } else {
            int R = 255 - cyan;
            int G = 255 - magenta;
            int B = 255 - yellow;
            return new int[] {R,G,B};
        }
    }

Answer 1

正如Lea Verou所说,你应该使用颜色空间信息,因为没有算法可以从RGB映射到CMYK.Adobe有一些ICC颜色配置文件可供下载1,但我不确定它们是如何获得许可的.

一旦你有颜色配置文件,像下面这样的工作:

import java.awt.color.ColorSpace;
import java.awt.color.ICC_ColorSpace;
import java.awt.color.ICC_Profile;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;


public class ColorConv {
    final static String pathToCMYKProfile = "C:\\UncoatedFOGRA29.icc";

    public static float[] rgbToCmyk(float... rgb) throws IOException {
        if (rgb.length != 3) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        ColorSpace instance = new ICC_ColorSpace(ICC_Profile.getInstance(pathToCMYKProfile));
        float[] fromRGB = instance.fromRGB(rgb);
        return fromRGB;
    }
    public static float[] cmykToRgb(float... cmyk) throws IOException {
        if (cmyk.length != 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        ColorSpace instance = new ICC_ColorSpace(ICC_Profile.getInstance(pathToCMYKProfile));
        float[] fromRGB = instance.toRGB(cmyk);
        return fromRGB;
    }

    public static void main(String... args) {
        try {
            float[] rgbToCmyk = rgbToCmyk(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(rgbToCmyk));
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(cmykToRgb(rgbToCmyk[0], rgbToCmyk[1], rgbToCmyk[2], rgbToCmyk[3])));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

要准确地将值从RGB转换为CMYK,反之亦然,就像Photoshop一样,您需要使用ICC颜色配置文件.您将在互联网中找到的所有简单算法解决方案(如上面发布的那些)都是不准确的,并产生超出CMYK色域的颜色(例如,它们将CMYK(100,0,0,0)转换为rgb(0 ,255,255)这显然是错误的,因为rgb(0,255,255)不能用CMYK再现).查看java.awt.color.ICC_ColorSpace和java.awt.color.ICC_Profile类,以使用ICC颜色配置文件转换颜色.至于颜色配置文件本身,Adobe免费分发它们.

Answer 3

更好的方法来做到这一点：

    try {
        // The "from" CMYK colorspace
        ColorSpace cmykColorspace = new ICC_ColorSpace(ICC_Profile.getInstance("icc/CoatedFOGRA27.icc"));
        // The "to" RGB colorspace
        ColorSpace rgbColorspace = new ICC_ColorSpace(ICC_Profile.getInstance("icc/AdobeRGB1998.icc"));

        // Bring in to CIEXYZ colorspace (refer to Java documentation: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/api/java/awt/color/ColorSpace.html)
        float[] ciexyz = cmykColorspace.toCIEXYZ(cmyk);
        float[] thisColorspace = rgbColorspace.fromCIEXYZ(ciexyz);
        float[] rgb = thisColorspace;
        Color c = new Color(rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]);

        // Format RGB as Hex and return
        return String.format("#%06x", c.getRGB() & 0xFFFFFF);
    } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }