gri*_*.ub 1 c# bouncycastle certificate ecdsa
我正在尝试生成 ECDSA 自签名证书,如使用 ECDSA 生成证书中所述。将 bartonjs 的答案中的所有部分放在一起并使用Net.Framework 4.7
(或Net.Core 2.0
) 以下代码似乎有效,尽管还存在一些歧义(至少一个):
我不确定如何正确地将私钥(“D”参数)从 转换BC-BigInteger
为MS-byte[]
. 使用BigInteger.ToByteArray()
抛出异常:
CryptographicException:指定的关键参数无效。QX 和 QY 是必填字段。QX、QY 的长度必须相同。如果指定了 D,则它必须与命名曲线的 QX 和 QY 长度相同,或者与显式曲线的 Order 长度相同。
同时验证 ECParameters(方法ECParameters.Validate()
)。使用BigInteger.ToByteArrayUnsigned()
提供了更好的结果(数百个生成的密钥对中的一个失败),但仍然......
使用ToByteArray()
转换后的“D”通常会长一个字节(“D”有 33 个字节,而 DX 和 DY 有 32 个字节)。使用ToByteArrayUnsigned()
“D”有时会短一个字节。
所以我的问题是是否可以使用ToByteArrayUnsigned()
。
private const string NCryptExportPolicyProperty = "Export Policy";
private const string SignatureAlgorithm = "Sha256WithECDSA";
private static readonly ECCurve MsCurve = ECCurve.NamedCurves.nistP256;
private static readonly DerObjectIdentifier BcCurve = SecObjectIdentifiers.SecP256r1; // must correspond with MsCurve
public static X509Certificate2 Create()
{
// 1. generate keys:
IAsymmetricCipherKeyPairGenerator bcKeyGen = GeneratorUtilities.GetKeyPairGenerator("ECDSA");
bcKeyGen.Init(new ECKeyGenerationParameters(BcCurve, new SecureRandom()));
ECPrivateKeyParameters bcPrivKey;
ECPublicKeyParameters bcPublKey;
bool validated;
ECParameters msEcp;
do
{
AsymmetricCipherKeyPair bcKeyPair = bcKeyGen.GenerateKeyPair();
bcPrivKey = (ECPrivateKeyParameters)bcKeyPair.Private;
bcPublKey = (ECPublicKeyParameters)bcKeyPair.Public;
// 2. ensure generated bc-keys can be translated to cng (see exception below)
msEcp = new ECParameters();
msEcp.Curve = MsCurve;
msEcp.D = bcPrivKey.D.ToByteArrayUnsigned(); // or bcPrivKey.D.ToByteArray() ??
msEcp.Q.X = bcPublKey.Q.XCoord.GetEncoded();
msEcp.Q.Y = bcPublKey.Q.YCoord.GetEncoded();
try
{
msEcp.Validate();
validated = true;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
// Validate() occasionally throws CryptographicException:
// The specified key parameters are not valid. Q.X and Q.Y are required fields. Q.X, Q.Y must be the same length. If D is specified it must be the same length as Q.X and Q.Y for named curves or the same length as Order for explicit curves.
// e.g.: D = 31, Q.X = 32, Q.Y = 32.
validated = false;
Console.WriteLine("D = {0}, Q.X = {1}, Q.Y = {2}. {3}: {4}", msEcp.D.Length, msEcp.Q.X.Length, msEcp.Q.Y.Length, e.GetType().Name, e.Message);
}
} while (!validated);
// 3. create x509 certificate:
X509V3CertificateGenerator bcCertGen = new X509V3CertificateGenerator();
bcCertGen.SetPublicKey(bcPublKey);
// .. set subject, validity period etc
ISignatureFactory sigFac = new Asn1SignatureFactory(SignatureAlgorithm, bcPrivKey);
Org.BouncyCastle.X509.X509Certificate bcX509Cert = bcCertGen.Generate(sigFac);
byte[] x509CertEncoded = bcX509Cert.GetEncoded();
X509Certificate2 msNewCert;
// 4. use translated (and validated) parameters:
using (ECDsaCng msEcdsa = new ECDsaCng())
{
msEcdsa.ImportParameters(msEcp);
CngKey msPrivateKey = msEcdsa.Key;
// 5. make private key exportable:
byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes((int)(CngExportPolicies.AllowExport | CngExportPolicies.AllowPlaintextExport));
CngProperty pty = new CngProperty(NCryptExportPolicyProperty, bytes, CngPropertyOptions.Persist);
msPrivateKey.SetProperty(pty);
// 6. tie keys together:
using (X509Certificate2 msPubCertOnly = new X509Certificate2(x509CertEncoded))
{
msNewCert = MateECDsaPrivateKey(msPubCertOnly, msPrivateKey); // method from bartonjs's answer
}
}
return msNewCert;
}
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先感谢您
当您获得太多字节(在本例中为 33)时,第一个字节应该是0x00
,您需要将其删除。当你得到的数据太少时(从技术上讲 D=1 是有效的),你需要插入零来填充数组。
原因是.NET 的结构期望 D 与底层 Windows CNG 导入 API 的结构相同,这意味着 D 是固定的无符号大尾数法大整数。BouncyCastle 为您提供 BER INTEGER 编码,0x00
当最高有效字节(字节 [0],大端)的高位设置为应被视为正数的数字时,需要插入一个字节。
BER 还有一个规则,即使用最小字节数,这就是为什么有时 BouncyCastle 给出的数字太小。
QX和QY是可以的,因为ECPoint编码规则指定了一个固定大小的大端整数,其大小由曲线决定;这就是为什么 BouncyCastle 有GetEncoded
方法 而不仅仅是ToByteArrayUnsigned
.
private static byte[] FixSize(byte[] input, int expectedSize)
{
if (input.Length == expectedSize)
{
return input;
}
byte[] tmp;
if (input.Length < expectedSize)
{
tmp = new byte[expectedSize];
Buffer.BlockCopy(input, 0, tmp, expectedSize - input.Length, input.Length);
return tmp;
}
if (input.Length > expectedSize + 1 || input[0] != 0)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException();
}
tmp = new byte[expectedSize];
Buffer.BlockCopy(input, 1, tmp, 0, expectedSize);
return tmp;
}
...
msEcp = new ECParameters();
msEcp.Curve = MsCurve;
msEcp.Q.X = bcPublKey.Q.XCoord.GetEncoded();
msEcp.Q.Y = bcPublKey.Q.YCoord.GetEncoded();
msEcp.D = FixSize(bcPrivKey.D.ToByteArrayUnsigned(), msEcp.Q.X.Length);
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