Python中文件和目录的区别

Question

我试图只获取文件夹中不包括任何其他目录的文件。但下面的脚本将所有文件和文件夹移动到另一个目录。

while True:
    # Go through each of the directories
    for mylist in dirlist:
        check_dir = mylist[0]
        callback = mylist[1]

        # get the list of files in the directory
        filelist = os.listdir(check_dir)
        for this_file in filelist:
            if ((this_file == ".") or (this_file == "..") or (this_file == "donecsvfiles") or (this_file == "doneringofiles")):
                print "Skipping self and parent"
                continue

            full_filename = "%s/%s"%(check_dir, this_file)

Answer 1

在os.path中，有有用的isdir()和isfile()函数：

>>> import os
>>> 
>>> os.path.isfile('demo.py')
True
>>> os.path.isdir('demo.py')
False
>>> os.path.isfile('__pycache__')
False
>>> os.path.isdir('__pycache__')

另外，您可以使用os.walk()或os.scandir()自动分隔两者：

for root, dirs, files in os.walk('python/Lib/email'):
    print('Searching:', root)
    print('All directories', dirs)
    print('All files:', files)
    print('----------------------')

Answer 2

您可以使用isfilefromos.path来检查路径是否是文件。此代码为您提供文件夹中的文件列表：

from os.path import isfile, join
from os import listdir

folder = 'path//to//folder'
onlyfiles = [f for f in listdir(folder) if isfile(join(folder, f))]