无法在 Swift 的 xcode UI 测试中使用 Alamofire

Question

我遇到的问题是使用Alamofirexcode UI 测试。

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我已尽可能地将各个部分隔离开来，试图找出问题可能出在哪里，但仍然无法解决这个问题。通过使用 swift 的新 xcode 项目，我可以Alamofire按预期使用 mainViewController.swift和func viewDidLoad()函数，但是在创建 UI 测试时，我无法在函数中使用相同的代码func testExample()。

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使用的工具版本：

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Xcode     = 9.2(9C40b)    \nSwift     = 4.0\ncocoapods = 1.4.0     \nmacOS     = High Sierra Version 10.13.2 (17C205)  \nAlamofire = 4.5    \n

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ViewController.swift - 工作正常

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import UIKit\nimport Alamofire\n\nclass ViewController: UIViewController {\n\n    override func viewDidLoad() {\n        super.viewDidLoad()\n        // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.\n\n        Alamofire.request("https://httpbin.org/get").responseJSON { response in\n            print("Request: \\(String(describing: response.request))")   // original url request\n            print("Response: \\(String(describing: response.response))") // http url response\n            print("Result: \\(response.result)")                         // response serialization result\n\n            if let json = response.result.value {\n                print("JSON: \\(json)") // serialized json response\n            }\n\n            if let data = response.data, let utf8Text = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) {\n                print("Data: \\(utf8Text)") // original server data as UTF8 string\n            }\n\n        }\n\n\n    }\n\n    override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {\n        super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()\n        // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.\n    }\n\n\n}\n

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结果

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请求: 可选( https://httpbin.org/get )\n 响应: 可选( { URL: https://httpbin.org/get } { 状态代码: 200, headers {\n "Access-Control-Allow-凭证” = (\n true\n 等等...

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UITestExample() - 不工作

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//\n//  exalamUITests.swift\n//  exalamUITests\n//\n\n\nimport XCTest\nimport Alamofire\n\nclass exalamUITests: XCTestCase {\n\n    override func setUp() {\n        super.setUp()\n\n        // Put setup code here. This method is called before the invocation of each test method in the class.\n\n        // In UI tests it is usually best to stop immediately when a failure occurs.\n        continueAfterFailure = false\n        // UI tests must launch the application that they test. Doing this in setup will make sure it happens for each test method.\n        XCUIApplication().launch()\n\n    // In UI tests it\xe2\x80\x99s important to set the initial state - such as interface orientation - required for your tests before they run. The setUp     method is a good place to do this.\n    }\n\n    override func tearDown() {\n        // Put teardown code here. This method is called after the invocation of each test method in the class.\n        super.tearDown()\n    }\n\n    func testExample() {\n        Alamofire.request("https://httpbin.org/get").responseJSON { response in\n            print("Request: \\(String(describing: response.request))")   // original url request\n            print("Response: \\(String(describing: response.response))") // http url response\n            print("Result: \\(response.result)")                         // response serialization result\n\n            if let json = response.result.value {\n                print("JSON: \\(json)") // serialized json response\n            }\n\n            if let data = response.data, let utf8Text = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) {\n                print("Data: \\(utf8Text)") // original server data as UTF8 string\n            }\n\n        }\n    }\n\n}\n

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结果

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2018-01-29 14:55:25.974425+1000 exalamUITests-Runner[12450:454722] +[CATransaction synchronize] called within transaction\n2018-01-29 14:55:26.022366+1000 exalamUITests-Runner[12450:454722] Running tests...\n2018-01-29 14:55:29.229531+1000 exalamUITests-Runner[12450:454722] Continuing to run tests in the background with task ID 1\nTest Suite \'Selected tests\' started at 2018-01-29 14:55:29.896\nTest Suite \'exalamUITests.xctest\' started at 2018-01-29 14:55:29.900\nTest Suite \'exalamUITests\' started at 2018-01-29 14:55:29.902\nTest Case \'-[exalamUITests.exalamUITests testExample]\' started.\n    t =     0.00s Start Test at 2018-01-29 14:55:29.908\n    t =     0.17s Set Up\n    t =     0.18s     Open Company.exalam\n    t =     0.28s         Launch Company.exalam\n    t =     6.39s             Wait for Company.exalam to idle\n    t =     9.13s Tear Down\nTest Case \'-[exalamUITests.exalamUITests testExample]\' passed (9.339 seconds).\nTest Suite \'exalamUITests\' passed at 2018-01-29 14:55:39.244.\n     Executed 1 test, with 0 failures (0 unexpected) in 9.339 (9.342) seconds\nTest Suite \'exalamUITests.xctest\' passed at 2018-01-29 14:55:39.245.\n     Executed 1 test, with 0 failures (0 unexpected) in 9.339 (9.346) seconds\nTest Suite \'Selected tests\' passed at 2018-01-29 14:55:39.249.\n     Executed 1 test, with 0 failures (0 unexpected) in 9.339 (9.353) seconds\n\n\nTest session log:\n/var/folders/ys/9lh0sqdd62s03g_d10zs46z00000gn/T/com.apple.dt.XCTest/IDETestRunSession-8C0D5A43-AB22-47EA-88C7-6AB878853EBF/    exalamUITests-9DA87773-7D75-4A9A-8127-BAE3CAB18354/Session-exalamUITests-2018-01-29_145508-bLBnaC.log\n

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Podfile

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# Uncomment the next line to define a global platform for your project\nplatform :ios, \'9.0\'\n\ntarget \'exalam\' do\n  # Comment the next line if you\'re not using Swift and don\'t want to use dynamic frameworks\n  use_frameworks!\n  pod \'Alamofire\', \'~> 4.5\'\n\n  # Pods for exalam\n\n  target \'exalamTests\' do\n    inherit! :search_paths\n    # Pods for testing\n  end\n\n  target \'exalamUITests\' do\n    inherit! :search_paths\n    use_frameworks!\n    pod \'Alamofire\', \'~> 4.5\'\n    # Pods for testing\n  end\n\nend\n

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这个问题很相似，但已经一年多了，我想我可以添加更多细节。

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我是 Mac、swift、xcode 和 cocoapods 的新手，但我已经尝试过所有类似的 SO 相关答案，并尝试了许多不同的事情。\n(通常在 python 和 linux 下工作)

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任何帮助将非常感激。

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Answer 1

Alamofire 中的网络（与所有其他 iOS 网络库一样）是异步的。您的测试在服务器处理请求之前就已经结束了。这就是为什么你的responseJSON方法的闭包永远不会被触发的原因。您必须使用期望才能使其工作： https ://developer.apple.com/documentation/xctest/asynchronous_tests_and_expectations/testing_asynchronous_operations_with_expectations

不过我很好奇，为什么 UI 测试中需要联网？