我应该在ViewModel中包括LifecycleOwner吗？

Question

当前需要LifecycleOwner才能使我创建观察者。

我有在ViewModel中创建一个Observer的代码，因此在我的Fragment中检索ViewModel时附加了LifecycleOwner。

根据Google的文档。

警告：ViewModel绝不能引用视图，生命周期或任何可能包含对活动上下文的引用的类。

我是否打破了警告，如果这样做了，您建议我采用哪种方式移动我创建的观察者以返回数据？

我只是做一个观察者，所以我想知道它是否仍然有效。由于在谷歌的文档中也有提及。

ViewModel对象可以包含LifecycleObservers，例如LiveData对象。

主片段

private lateinit var model: MainViewModel

/**
 * Observer for our ViewModel IpAddress LiveData value.
 * @see Observer.onChanged
 * */
private val ipObserver = Observer<String> {
    textIp.text = it
    hideProgressBar()
}

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
    model = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(MainViewModel::class.java)
    model.attach(this)
}

override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater?, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View? =
        inflater?.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false)

override fun onViewCreated(view: View?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)

    buttonRetrieveIp.setOnClickListener {
        showProgressBar()
        model.fetchMyIp().observe(this, ipObserver) //Here we attach our ipObserver
    }
}

override fun showProgressBar() {

    textIp.visibility = View.GONE
    progressBar.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}

override fun hideProgressBar() {

    progressBar.visibility = View.GONE
    textIp.visibility = View.VISIBLE
}

主视图模型

private var ipAddress = MutableLiveData<String>()
private lateinit var owner: LifecycleOwner

fun attach(fragment: MainFragment) {
    owner = fragment
}

/**
 * For more information regarding Fuel Request using Fuel Routing and Live Data Response.
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/kittinunf/Fuel#routing-support">Fuel Routing Support</a>
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/kittinunf/Fuel#livedata-support">Fuel LiveData Support</a>
 * */
fun fetchMyIp(): LiveData<String> {

    Fuel.request(IpAddressApi.MyIp())
            .liveDataResponse()
            .observe(owner, Observer {

                if (it?.first?.statusCode == 200) {//If you want you can add a status code checker here.

                    it.second.success {

                        ipAddress.value = Ip.toIp(String(it))?.ip
                    }
                }
            })
    return ipAddress
}

更新1：由于@pskink建议使用Transformations，改进了ViewModel。

private lateinit var ipAddress:LiveData<String>

/**
 * Improved ViewModel since January 23, 2018 credits to <a href="/sf/users/157698131/">pskink</a> <a href="
 *
 * For more information regarding Fuel Request using Fuel Routing and Live Data Response.
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/kittinunf/Fuel#routing-support">Fuel Routing Support</a>
 * @see <a href="https://github.com/kittinunf/Fuel#livedata-support">Fuel LiveData Support</a>
 * */
fun fetchMyIp(): LiveData<String> {

    ipAddress = Transformations.map(Fuel.request(IpAddressApi.MyIp()).liveDataResponse(), {

        var ip:String? = ""

            it.second.success {

                ip = Ip.toIp(String(it))?.ip
            }
        ip
    })

    return ipAddress
}

Answer 1

No. If you wish to observe changes of some LiveData inside your ViewModel you can use observeForever() which doesn't require LifecicleOwner. Remember to remove this observer on ViewModels onCleared() event:

val observer = new Observer() {
  override public void onChanged(Integer integer) {
    //Do something with "integer"
  }
}

...

liveData.observeForever(observer);

...

override fun onCleared() {
    liveData.removeObserver(observer) 
    super.onCleared()
}

Very good reference with examples of observe LiveData.