如何获得星期几和一年中的某个月？

Question

我对Javascript了解不多,我发现的其他问题与日期操作有关,不仅仅是根据需要获取信息.

目的

我希望得到以下格式的日期:

于2011年1月27日星期四17:42:21印刷

到目前为止,我得到了以下内容:

var now = new Date();
var h = now.getHours();
var m = now.getMinutes();
var s = now.getSeconds();

h = checkTime(h);
m = checkTime(m);
s = checkTime(s);

var prnDt = "Printed on Thursday, " + now.getDate() + " January " + now.getFullYear() + " at " + h + ":" + m + ":" s;

我现在需要知道如何获得星期几和一年中的某个月(他们的名字).

有没有一种简单的方法来制作它,或者我是否应该考虑使用数组,我只需使用now.getMonth()和索引到正确的值now.getDay()？

Answer 1

是的,你需要数组.

var days = ['Sunday','Monday','Tuesday','Wednesday','Thursday','Friday','Saturday'];
var months = ['January','February','March','April','May','June','July','August','September','October','November','December'];

var day = days[ now.getDay() ];
var month = months[ now.getMonth() ];

或者您可以使用date.js库.

编辑:

如果您经常使用这些,您可能希望扩展Date.prototype可访问性.

(function() {
    var days = ['Sunday','Monday','Tuesday','Wednesday','Thursday','Friday','Saturday'];

    var months = ['January','February','March','April','May','June','July','August','September','October','November','December'];

    Date.prototype.getMonthName = function() {
        return months[ this.getMonth() ];
    };
    Date.prototype.getDayName = function() {
        return days[ this.getDay() ];
    };
})();

var now = new Date();

var day = now.getDayName();
var month = now.getMonthName();

Answer 2

使用标准的javascript Date类.不需要数组.无需额外的库.

请参阅https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/toLocaleDateString

var options = {  weekday: 'long', year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit', second: '2-digit', hour12: false };
var prnDt = 'Printed on ' + new Date().toLocaleTimeString('en-us', options);

console.log(prnDt);

Answer 3

我认为这是我找到的最好的解决方案

new Date(payload.value).toLocaleString("en", { weekday: "long" })

Answer 4

您还可以做的一件事是将日期对象扩展为返回工作日:

Date.prototype.getWeekDay = function() {
    var weekday = ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"];
    return weekday[this.getDay()];
}

所以,你只能调用date.getWeekDay();

Answer 5

var GetWeekDays = function (format) {
    var weekDays = {};

    var curDate = new Date();
    for (var i = 0; i < 7; ++i) {
        weekDays[curDate.getDay()] = curDate.toLocaleDateString('ru-RU', {
            weekday: format ? format : 'short'
        });

        curDate.setDate(curDate.getDate() + 1);
    }

    return weekDays;
};

me.GetMonthNames = function (format) {
    var monthNames = {};

    var curDate = new Date();
    for (var i = 0; i < 12; ++i) {
        monthNames[curDate.getMonth()] = curDate.toLocaleDateString('ru-RU', {
            month: format ? format : 'long'
        });

        curDate.setMonth(curDate.getMonth() + 1);
    }

    return monthNames;
};

Answer 6

作为@ L-雷已经建议,你可以看看moment.js以及

样品

var today = moment();
var result = {
  day: today.format("dddd"),
  month: today.format("MMM")
}

document.write("<pre>" + JSON.stringify(result,0,4) + "</pre>");

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/moment.js/2.13.0/moment.min.js"></script>

Answer 7

不幸的是,Datejavascript中的对象仅以数字格式返回有关月份的信息.您可以做的更快的事情是创建一个月数组(它们不应经常更改!)并创建一个函数,该函数根据数字返回名称.

像这样的东西:

function getMonthNameByMonthNumber(mm) { 
   var months = new Array("January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"); 

   return months[mm]; 
}

因此,您的代码变为:

var prnDt = "Printed on Thursday, " + now.getDate() + " " + getMonthNameByMonthNumber(now.getMonth) + " "+  now.getFullYear() + " at " + h + ":" + m + ":" s;

Answer 8

来自https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Date/toLocaleDateString

所述toLocaleDateString（）方法返回与这个日期的日期部分的语言敏感表示的字符串。新的语言环境和选项参数让应用程序指定应使用其格式约定的语言，并允许自定义函数的行为。在忽略语言环境和选项参数的旧实现中，使用的语言环境和返回字符串的形式完全取决于实现。

长表：

const options = { weekday: 'long' };
const date = new Date();
console.log(date.toLocaleDateString('en-US', options));

一个班轮：

console.log(new Date().toLocaleDateString('en-US', { weekday: 'long' }));

注意：区域设置还有其他语言选项，但此处针对美国英语提供的选项