如何避免两次写正则表达式匹配？

Question

我有这个代码:

let main argv = 
let x="b"
match x with
| _ when Regex.Match(x,"a").Success=true->
    let a=Regex.Match(x,"a")
    Console.WriteLine(a.Groups.[0])
| _ when Regex.Match(x,"b").Success=true->
    let b=Regex.Match(x,"b")
    Console.WriteLine(b.Groups.[0])

我必须写Regex.Match(x,"a"),并Regex.Match(x,"b")在上面的代码的两倍.有没有办法只写一次？

Answer 1

寻找活跃的模式:

let (|Match|_|) pattern input =
    let m = Regex.Match(input, pattern, RegexOptions.Singleline)
    if m.Success 
        then Some (m.Groups.[0])
        else None
// and use it:
match x with
| Match @"a text" a ->
    printfn "found a: %s" a
| Match @"b text" b ->
    printfn "found b: %s" b

您可以更进一步,创建一个支持其自身解析值的活动模式:

let (|Regex|_|) pattern input =
    let m = Regex.Match(input, pattern, RegexOptions.Singleline)
    if m.Success
        // List.tail is needed to skip the m.Groups.[0] that returns the entire parsed scope
        then [ for g in m.Groups -> g.Value ] |> List.tail |> Some
        else None

match x with
| Regex @"a (\w+)\s(\w+)" [ a1; a2 ] ->
    printfn "found A value: %s and %s" a1 a2
| Regex @"b (\w+)\s(\w+)\s(\w+)" [ b1; b2; b3 ] ->
    printfn "found B value: %s and %s and %s" b1 b2 b3

// this will be able to parse the following:
// "a foo bar"     ==> a1="foo" and a2="bar"
// "b foo bar baz" ==> b1="foo", b2="bar", and b3="baz"