XML 中的 <gradient> 标签导致 Android 崩溃

Question

我有一个带有渐变组件的图标。

<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:aapt="http://schemas.android.com/aapt"
        android:width="100dp"
        android:height="100dp"
        android:viewportWidth="100.0"
        android:viewportHeight="100.0">
    <path
        android:pathData="M68.13,36.74L68.13,36C68.13,30.48 63.65,26 58.13,26L58.13,26L25,26L25,26C19.48,26 15,30.48 15,36L15,36L15,64C15,69.52 19.48,74 25,74L58.13,74C63.65,74 68.13,69.52 68.13,64L68.13,64L68.13,60.74L77.17,69.79L77.17,69.79C77.92,70.54 78.94,70.96 80,70.96C82.21,70.96 84,69.17 84,66.96L84,30.52C84,29.46 83.58,28.44 82.83,27.69C81.27,26.13 78.74,26.13 77.17,27.69L68.13,36.74Z"
        android:strokeColor="#00000000"
        android:fillType="evenOdd"
        android:strokeWidth="1">
        <aapt:attr name="android:fillColor">
<gradient

        android:startY="60.028559008"
        android:startX="41.416262106"
        android:endY="100.0"
        android:endX="81.32660406299999"
        android:type="linear">
<item android:offset="0.0" android:color="#FFFA8561" />
<item android:offset="1.0" android:color="#FFFC5D5D" />
            </gradient></aapt:attr></path>
    <path
        android:pathData="M53.93,51.56C53.57,47.09 51.34,44.29 49.38,41.81C47.57,39.52 46,37.54 46,34.63C46,34.39 45.86,34.18 45.64,34.07C45.42,33.96 45.15,33.98 44.95,34.12C42,36.09 39.54,39.42 38.69,42.6C38.09,44.81 38.01,47.29 38,48.94C35.28,48.39 34.67,44.58 34.66,44.54C34.63,44.34 34.5,44.17 34.31,44.07C34.12,43.98 33.9,43.97 33.71,44.06C33.57,44.13 30.21,45.73 30.01,52.11C30,52.32 30,52.54 30,52.75C30,58.95 35.38,64 42,64C48.64,63.98 54,58.94 54,52.75C54,52.44 53.93,51.56 53.93,51.56Z"
        android:strokeColor="#00000000"
        android:fillType="nonZero"
        android:fillColor="#FFFFFF"
        android:strokeWidth="1"/>
</vector>

我正在尝试将此 XML 用作我的应用程序中的图标。

但是，出于某种原因，当我这样做时

<ImageView src="@drawable/icon"/>

在 API 23 上运行，我的应用程序会立即崩溃。

但是，在 API 级别 19 上，相同的应用程序运行没有任何问题。

如果我删除该<gradient>标签，API 23 也能正常运行。

我应该怎么做才能使 API 23 中的应用程序没有任何问题？

Answer 1

这里的主要问题是您试图使用为 API 24 定义的梯度和属性，android:fillType以及android:startY在具有 API 19 的设备中。

解决办法是：

创建 2 个 drawables 文件夹

• drawable
• drawable-v24

把这个作为your_logo.xml中drawable文件夹（我用#FFFA8561从渐变花）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:width="100dp"
    android:height="100dp"
    android:viewportWidth="100.0"
    android:viewportHeight="100.0">
    <path
        android:pathData="M68.13,36.74L68.13,36C68.13,30.48 63.65,26 58.13,26L58.13,26L25,26L25,26C19.48,26 15,30.48 15,36L15,36L15,64C15,69.52 19.48,74 25,74L58.13,74C63.65,74 68.13,69.52 68.13,64L68.13,64L68.13,60.74L77.17,69.79L77.17,69.79C77.92,70.54 78.94,70.96 80,70.96C82.21,70.96 84,69.17 84,66.96L84,30.52C84,29.46 83.58,28.44 82.83,27.69C81.27,26.13 78.74,26.13 77.17,27.69L68.13,36.74Z"
        android:strokeColor="#00000000"
        android:fillColor="#FFFA8561"
        android:strokeWidth="1">
    </path>
    <path
        android:pathData="M53.93,51.56C53.57,47.09 51.34,44.29 49.38,41.81C47.57,39.52 46,37.54 46,34.63C46,34.39 45.86,34.18 45.64,34.07C45.42,33.96 45.15,33.98 44.95,34.12C42,36.09 39.54,39.42 38.69,42.6C38.09,44.81 38.01,47.29 38,48.94C35.28,48.39 34.67,44.58 34.66,44.54C34.63,44.34 34.5,44.17 34.31,44.07C34.12,43.98 33.9,43.97 33.71,44.06C33.57,44.13 30.21,45.73 30.01,52.11C30,52.32 30,52.54 30,52.75C30,58.95 35.38,64 42,64C48.64,63.98 54,58.94 54,52.75C54,52.44 53.93,51.56 53.93,51.56Z"
        android:strokeColor="#00000000"
        android:fillColor="#FFFFFF"
        android:strokeWidth="1"/>
</vector>

创建这个gradient_logo.xml文件并放到drawable-v24文件夹中（不用担心Android Studio会抱怨这个文件，即使用红色标记它也会编译好）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<gradient xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:startY="60.028559008"
    android:startX="41.416262106"
    android:endY="100.0"
    android:endX="81.32660406299999"
    android:startColor="#FFFA8561"
    android:endColor="#FFFC5D5D"
    android:type="linear" />

把这个不同的版本your_logo.xml放在drawable-v24文件夹中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:width="100dp"
    android:height="100dp"
    android:viewportWidth="100.0"
    android:viewportHeight="100.0">
    <path
        android:pathData="M68.13,36.74L68.13,36C68.13,30.48 63.65,26 58.13,26L58.13,26L25,26L25,26C19.48,26 15,30.48 15,36L15,36L15,64C15,69.52 19.48,74 25,74L58.13,74C63.65,74 68.13,69.52 68.13,64L68.13,64L68.13,60.74L77.17,69.79L77.17,69.79C77.92,70.54 78.94,70.96 80,70.96C82.21,70.96 84,69.17 84,66.96L84,30.52C84,29.46 83.58,28.44 82.83,27.69C81.27,26.13 78.74,26.13 77.17,27.69L68.13,36.74Z"
        android:strokeColor="#00000000"
        android:fillType="evenOdd"
        android:fillColor="@drawable/gradient_logo"
        android:strokeWidth="1">
    </path>
    <path
        android:pathData="M53.93,51.56C53.57,47.09 51.34,44.29 49.38,41.81C47.57,39.52 46,37.54 46,34.63C46,34.39 45.86,34.18 45.64,34.07C45.42,33.96 45.15,33.98 44.95,34.12C42,36.09 39.54,39.42 38.69,42.6C38.09,44.81 38.01,47.29 38,48.94C35.28,48.39 34.67,44.58 34.66,44.54C34.63,44.34 34.5,44.17 34.31,44.07C34.12,43.98 33.9,43.97 33.71,44.06C33.57,44.13 30.21,45.73 30.01,52.11C30,52.32 30,52.54 30,52.75C30,58.95 35.38,64 42,64C48.64,63.98 54,58.94 54,52.75C54,52.44 53.93,51.56 53.93,51.56Z"
        android:strokeColor="#00000000"
        android:fillType="nonZero"
        android:fillColor="#FFFFFF"
        android:strokeWidth="1"/>
</vector>

使用AppCompatImageView来添加图像

<android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatImageView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:srcCompat="@drawable/your_logo"/>

结论：通过这种方式，您的项目将可以正常编译，但您会注意到最终会得到 2 个略有不同的徽标，一个用于 API >= 24，另一个用于 API <=23。

我不知道你是否可以接受，但如果你关心你的标志不是在每个平台上都完全一样，可用的解决方案是那些：

1. 不要为您的徽标使用矢量。使用分布在mipmap文件夹中的经典 PNG 集。
2. 不要在你的 logo 中使用渐变，而是选择与 API >=19 兼容的平面版本