CommandError：使用Flask-Migrate迁移时，无法找到由“ ...”标识的修订

Question

我今天开始使用Flask-Migrate，并将其安装在测试项目中。但是我得到以下错误：

alembic.util.exc.CommandError：找不到由“ e39d16e62810”标识的修订

重现步骤：

1. 运行“ python create_db.py”
2. 运行“ flask db init”
3. 将列“名称”添加到Entry-model
4. 运行“烧瓶数据库迁移”

编辑： 删除migrations目录并重复该过程后，运行“ flask db migration”后，我得到相同的错误。我也尝试过使用manage.py带有flask-script 的文件->同样的问题

错误：

(venv_mentz) H:\Flask-API-Test>python manage.py db migrate
INFO  [alembic.runtime.migration] Context impl SQLiteImpl.
INFO  [alembic.runtime.migration] Will assume non-transactional DDL.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\base.py", line 143, in _catch_revision_errors
    yield
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\base.py", line 206, in get_revisions
    return self.revision_map.get_revisions(id_)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\revision.py", line 299, in get_revisions
    return sum([self.get_revisions(id_elem) for id_elem in id_], ())
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\revision.py", line 299, in <listcomp>
    return sum([self.get_revisions(id_elem) for id_elem in id_], ())
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\revision.py", line 304, in get_revisions
    for rev_id in resolved_id)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\revision.py", line 304, in <genexpr>
    for rev_id in resolved_id)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\revision.py", line 362, in _revision_for_ident
    resolved_id)
alembic.script.revision.ResolutionError: No such revision or branch 'e39d16e62810'

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 14, in <module>
    manager.run()
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\flask_script\__init__.py", line 417, in run
    result = self.handle(argv[0], argv[1:])
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\flask_script\__init__.py", line 386, in handle
    res = handle(*args, **config)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\flask_script\commands.py", line 216, in __call__
    return self.run(*args, **kwargs)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\flask_migrate\__init__.py", line 197, in migrate
    version_path=version_path, rev_id=rev_id)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\command.py", line 176, in revision
    script_directory.run_env()
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\base.py", line 425, in run_env
    util.load_python_file(self.dir, 'env.py')
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\util\pyfiles.py", line 81, in load_python_file
    module = load_module_py(module_id, path)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\util\compat.py", line 83, in load_module_py
    spec.loader.exec_module(module)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "migrations\env.py", line 87, in <module>
    run_migrations_online()
  File "migrations\env.py", line 80, in run_migrations_online
    context.run_migrations()
  File "<string>", line 8, in run_migrations
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\runtime\environment.py", line 836, in run_migrations
    self.get_context().run_migrations(**kw)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\runtime\migration.py", line 321, in run_migrations
    for step in self._migrations_fn(heads, self):
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\command.py", line 156, in retrieve_migrations
    revision_context.run_autogenerate(rev, context)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\autogenerate\api.py", line 415, in run_autogenerate
    self._run_environment(rev, migration_context, True)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\autogenerate\api.py", line 425, in _run_environment
    if set(self.script_directory.get_revisions(rev)) != \
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\base.py", line 206, in get_revisions
    return self.revision_map.get_revisions(id_)
  File "c:\users\marschall\appdata\local\programs\python\python36-32\Lib\contextlib.py", line 100, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\base.py", line 174, in _catch_revision_errors
    compat.raise_from_cause(util.CommandError(resolution))
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\util\compat.py", line 194, in raise_from_cause
    reraise(type(exception), exception, tb=exc_tb, cause=exc_value)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\util\compat.py", line 187, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\base.py", line 143, in _catch_revision_errors
    yield
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\base.py", line 206, in get_revisions
    return self.revision_map.get_revisions(id_)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\revision.py", line 299, in get_revisions
    return sum([self.get_revisions(id_elem) for id_elem in id_], ())
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\revision.py", line 299, in <listcomp>
    return sum([self.get_revisions(id_elem) for id_elem in id_], ())
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\revision.py", line 304, in get_revisions
    for rev_id in resolved_id)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\revision.py", line 304, in <genexpr>
    for rev_id in resolved_id)
  File "H:\Flask-API-Test\venv_mentz\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\revision.py", line 362, in _revision_for_ident
    resolved_id)
alembic.util.exc.CommandError: Can't locate revision identified by 'e39d16e62810'

我的文件结构如下所示：

app
-- views
----- __init__.py
----- main.py
-- __init__.py
-- config.py
-- models.py
instance
-- __init__.py
-- config.py
create_db.py
dev.db
run.py

我的应用程式工厂：

from flask import Flask
from instance.config import app_config
from flask_migrate import Migrate

def create_app(config_name):
    """ Creates a runnable app.
        This app will be using the config with name "config_name".
    """
    app = Flask(__name__)
    # Loading the the config from instance folder with name "config_name"
    app.config.from_object(app_config[config_name])
    # Loading generic config from 'config.py'
    app.config.from_pyfile('config.py')

    # Registering this app at db
    from app.models import db
    db.init_app(app)
    migrate = Migrate(app, db)

    from app import models, views

    return app

我的run.py：

""" This script runs a the app with the given configuration. """

from app import create_app

# Configuration used to run the app
config_name = 'dev'

# Creating the app by using the required configuration
app = create_app(config_name)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

还有我的create_db.py文件，用于使用models.py创建数据库：

""" This script creates the database defined in app.models. """

from app import create_app

app = create_app('dev')
from app.models import db

# Telling SQLAlchemy what app should be used as the database model
with app.app_context():
    db.create_all()

这是我的models.py：

from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

db = SQLAlchemy()

class Entry(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'Entries'
    layer_id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)

    def __repr__(self):
        return "ID: {}; text: {}".format(self.layer_id, self.text)

编辑：manage.py：

from flask_script import Manager
from flask_migrate import Migrate, MigrateCommand
from app import create_app
from app import models
from app.models import db

app = create_app('dev')
migrate = Migrate(app, db)
manager = Manager(app)

manager.add_command('db', MigrateCommand)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

Answer 1

我在烧瓶上尝试了这个，它起作用了：

python app.py db revision --rev-id e39d16e62810  
python app.py db migrate  
python app.py db upgrade

Answer 2

您删除了迁移目录，但版本已保存在数据库中，因此必须删除数据库中的版本信息，然后从alembic_version运行delete；

在mysql shell中。

Answer 3

就我而言，我不小心删除了最新的迁移文件，但 alembic 版本 (alembic_version) 表指的是已删除的版本。

因此，您可以更改 alembic_version 表中的 version_num 字段，而不是删除整个数据库。

以下步骤对我有用：

• 使用找到头部 db history
• 将 version_num 字段更新为头部版本。
• 运行迁移使用 db migrate
• 升级数据库 db upgrade