使用元素树解析XML文件

Question

我有大量的.xml文件(大约70个),我需要从中提取一些坐标.显然,执行此操作的最佳方法是使用元素树解析xml文件.我是python的新手(非常非常新!)并且很难理解元素树附带的所有文档!我想知道是否有人有任何代码,他们使用元素树或任何人都可以向我解释如何去做它..谢谢!

这是我的XML文件中的示例..

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> 
- <lev:Leveringsinformatie xmlns:lev="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/leveringsinfo">
  <lev:Version>1.5</lev:Version> 
  <lev:Klicnummer>10G179900</lev:Klicnummer> 
  <lev:Ordernummer>0065491624</lev:Ordernummer> 
  <lev:RelatienummerGrondroerder>0000305605</lev:RelatienummerGrondroerder> 
  <lev:Leveringsvolgnummer>1</lev:Leveringsvolgnummer> 
  <lev:Meldingsoort>Graafmelding</lev:Meldingsoort> 
  <lev:DatumTijdAanvraag>2010-08-10T11:43:02.779+02:00</lev:DatumTijdAanvraag> 
  <lev:KlantReferentie>1207-0132-030 - 6</lev:KlantReferentie> 
- <lev:Locatie axisLabels="x y" srsDimension="2" srsName="epsg:28992" uomLabels="m m">
- <gml:exterior xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml">
- <gml:LinearRing>
  <gml:posList>137800.0 484217.0 137796.0 484222.0 137832.0 483757.0 138178.0 483752.0 138174.0 484222.0 137800.0 484217.0</gml:posList> 
  </gml:LinearRing>
  </gml:exterior>
  </lev:Locatie>
- <lev:Pngformaat>
- <lev:OmsluitendeRechthoek xmlns:ns4="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/madt" xmlns:bis="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/klicnetbeheerdersinformatieservicetypes" xmlns:ns0="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/gias" xmlns:ns7="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/klicnetbeheerdersinformatieservicetypes" xmlns:madt="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/madt" xmlns:gia="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/gias" xmlns:klic="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/20080722/klic" xmlns:b="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/bundelingtypes" xmlns:ns9="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20081010/bmkltypes" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" xmlns:ns1="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/20080722/klic" xmlns:a="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/bundelingservicetypes" xmlns:bmkl="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20081010/bmkltypes" xmlns:ns3="http://www.opengis.net/gml" xmlns:ns8="http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/knts">
- <gml:Envelope srsDimension="2" srsName="epsg:28992">
  <gml:lowerCorner>137796 483752</gml:lowerCorner> 
  <gml:upperCorner>138178 484222</gml:upperCorner> 
  </gml:Envelope>
  </lev:OmsluitendeRechthoek>
  <lev:PixelsBreed>5348</lev:PixelsBreed> 
  <lev:PixelsHoog>6580</lev:PixelsHoog> 
  </lev:Pngformaat>
- <lev:NetbeheerderLeveringen>
- <lev:NetbeheerderLevering>
  <lev:RelatienummerNetbeheerder>0000578695</lev:RelatienummerNetbeheerder> 
  <lev:Bedrijfsnaam>Gemeente Almere</lev:Bedrijfsnaam> 
  <lev:BedrijfsnaamAfkorting>Gemeente Almere</lev:BedrijfsnaamAfkorting> 

我需要提取下角和上角坐标(lowerCorner/upperCorner)

更新:这是我的完整脚本:

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
import sys, string, os, arcgisscripting
gp = arcgisscripting.create(9.3)

workspace = "D:/J040083"
gp.workspace = workspace

for root, dirs, filenames in os.walk(workspace): # returms root, dirs, and files
    for filename in filenames:
        filename_split = os.path.splitext(filename) # filename and extensionname (extension in [1])
        filename_zero = filename_split[0]
        extension = str.upper(filename_split[1])

        try:
            first_2_letters = str.upper(filename_zero[0] + filename_zero[1])
        except:
            first_2_letters = "XX"

        if first_2_letters == "LI" and extension == ".XML":
            tree = ET.parse(workspace)
            print tree.find('//{http://www.opengis.net/gml}lowerCorner').text
            print tree.find('//{http://www.opengis.net/gml}upperCorner').text

我现在收到错误:

消息文件名行位置
跟踪
D:\ J040083\TXT_EXTRACTION.py 32
解析C:\ Python25\Lib\xml\etree\ElementTree.py 862
解析C:\ Python25\Lib\xml\etree\ElementTree.py 579
IOError:[ Errno 13]许可被拒绝:'D:/ J040083'

现在我真的很困惑,因为我能够使用不同的脚本访问这些文件,这几乎与此一样!

Answer 1

涉及名称空间时,ElementTree可能会很棘手.您正在寻找的元素是命名<gml:lowerCorner>和<gml:upperCorner>.在XML数据中搜索更高,gml被定义为XML命名空间:xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml".查找XML树的子元素的方法如下:

from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('file.xml')
print tree.find('//{http://www.opengis.net/gml}lowerCorner').text
print tree.find('//{http://www.opengis.net/gml}upperCorner').text

产量

137796 483752
138178 484222

说明

使用ElementTree的XPath支持,//选择树的所有级别上的所有子元素.ElementTree {url}tag为特定命名空间中的标记使用表示法. gml的网址是http://www.opengis.net/gml. .text检索元素中的数据.

请注意,这//是查找嵌套节点的快捷方式.upperCornerElementTree语法的完整路径实际上是:

{http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/leveringsinfo}Pngformaat/{http://www.kadaster.nl/schemas/klic/20080722/leveringsinfo}OmsluitendeRechthoek/{http://www.opengis.net/gml}Envelope/{http://www.opengis.net/gml}upperCorner