SpringData-MongoDB：没有可用类型的合格 bean

Question

我正在尝试构建一个项目以使用 Spring Data 连接到 MongoDB，如下所示： SpringMongoConfig.java

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.MongoDbFactory;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.SimpleMongoDbFactory;

import com.mongodb.MongoClient;

@Configuration
public class SpringMongoConfig {

    @Bean
    public MongoDbFactory mongoDbFactory() throws Exception {
        return new SimpleMongoDbFactory(new MongoClient("127.0.0.1"), "ReconInput");
    }

    @Bean
    public MongoTemplate mongoTemplate() throws Exception {

        MongoTemplate mongoTemplate = new MongoTemplate(mongoDbFactory());

        return mongoTemplate;

    }
}

ReconInputRepository.java：

@Repository
public interface ReconInputRepository extends MongoRepository<ReconInput, String> {
    public List<ReconInput> findByReportingDate(String reportingDate);
}

ReconInputService.java

public interface ReconInputService {
    public List<ReconInput> getInputByReportingDate(String reportingDate);
}

ReconInputServiceImpl.java

@Service
public class ReconInputServiceImpl implements ReconInputService {

    @Autowired
    private ReconInputRepository reconInputRepository;  
    public List<ReconInput> getInputByReportingDate(String reportingDate) {
        return reconInputRepository.findByReportingDate(reportingDate);
    }   
}

应用程序.java

public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
        ApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringMongoConfig.class);       
        ReconInputService reconInputService = ctx.getBean(ReconInputService.class);
        List<ReconInput> inputData = reconInputService.getInputByReportingDate("2017 Nov 20");
        System.out.println(inputData.get(0).getReportId());
    }
}

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>ups.mongodb</groupId>
    <artifactId>MongoConnection</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>MongoConnection</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <spring.version>5.0.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mongodb/mongo-java-driver -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
            <artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.data/spring-data-mongodb -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

当我运行该项目时，它抛出异常：

没有可用的“ups.mongo.service.ReconInputService”类型的合格 bean。

请帮我解决这个错误的任何建议。谢谢 ！

更新1

将@ComponentScan(basePackages = "ups.mongo")添加到SpringMongoConfig.java。然后我遇到了新问题：创建名称为“ReconInputService”的bean时出错：通过字段“reconInputRepository”表达的依赖关系不满足；嵌套异常是 org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException：没有可用的“ups.mongo.repository.ReconInputRepository”类型的合格 bean：预计至少有 1 个有资格作为自动装配候选者的 bean。依赖注释：{@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

更新2

而不是使用 Spring Data MongoRepository。我通过自己实现替换了从 Spring data 扩展的ReconInputRepository.java ，如下所示：

ReconInputRepository.java

public interface ReconInputRepository {

    public List<ReconInput> findByReportingDate(String reportingDate);
}

ReconInputRepositoryImpl.java

@Repository
public class ReconInputRepositoryImpl implements ReconInputRepository {

    @Autowired
    MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;

    public List<ReconInput> findByReportingDate(String reportingDate) {
        List<ReconInput> reconInputList = null;
        Query searchUserQuery = new Query(Criteria.where("reportingDate").is(reportingDate));
        reconInputList = mongoTemplate.find(searchUserQuery, ReconInput.class);
        return reconInputList;
    }
}

然后就可以正常工作了。

我的总结 这个问题可能来自 Spring 不支持注入接口 - 正如@amdg建议的那样（但在 Spring Boot 中工作 - 我不知道为什么，如果有人知道请给我留下一些评论）。

参考：Spring接口注入示例

更新3

最后我找到了最简单的正确制作方法。我需要做的就是添加@EnableMongoRepositories({ "ups.mongo.repository" })到SpringMongoConfig.java

Answer 1

正如我怀疑的那样，您将普通的旧 Spring 与 Spring Boot 混合在一起并想要获得 Spring Boot 效果。

为了使用 Spring Boot，您应该更新依赖项以使用 Spring Boot Starters。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>ups.mongodb</groupId>
    <artifactId>MongoConnection</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>MongoConnection</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>    
</project>

然后只需将您的配置添加到应用程序的根包中（大概是ups.mongo）：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableMongoRepositories
public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);       
        ReconInputService reconInputService = ctx.getBean(ReconInputService.class);
        List<ReconInput> inputData = reconInputService.getInputByReportingDate("2017 Nov 20");
        System.out.println(inputData.get(0).getReportId());
    }
}

在这种情况下，您甚至不需要 SpringMongoConfig.class。相反，在您的中添加以下配置application.properties：

spring.data.mongodb.host=127.0.0.1
spring.data.mongodb.port=27017
spring.data.mongodb.database=demo