读取时不返回写入 I2C 的缓冲区

Joh*_*rye 3 c linux embedded qemu i2c

我试图在写入后从 I2C 总线上的内存位置读取一个值。当我在终端中运行它时,我得到了奇怪的输出。

这是我的程序

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <stdint.h>
    #include <inttypes.h>

    #include <errno.h>
    #include <string.h>

    #include <sys/stat.h>
    #include <fcntl.h>
    #include <unistd.h>

    #include <linux/i2c.h>
    #include <linux/i2c-dev.h>
    #include <sys/ioctl.h>

    #define I2C_ADAPTER "/dev/i2c-0"
    #define I2C_DEVICE  0x00


    int main (int argc, char *argv[])
    {
        int file;
        int addr = 0X00; /* XGPIOPS_DATA_LOW_OFFSET */

        if((file = open(I2C_ADAPTER, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
            printf("Failed to open the bus");
            return -1;
        }

        if(ioctl(file, I2C_SLAVE, addr) < 0) {
            printf("Unable to open device as slave %s", strerror(errno));
            return -1;
        }

        char buf[10];

        buf[0] = addr;
        buf[1] = 0x10;
        if(write(file, buf, 2) != 2) {
            printf("Failed to write to bus %s.\n\n", strerror(errno));
        }
        else {
            printf("Successful write\n");
            printf(buf);
            printf("\n\n");
        }

        if(read(file, buf, 2) != 2) {
            printf("Failed to read from the i2c bus. %s\n\n", strerror(errno));
        }
        else {
            printf("Successful read\n");
            printf(buf);
            printf("\n\n");
        }

        return 0;
    }
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程序的输出如下所示

写入成功

阅读成功??

在我的终端上,这些块看起来更像是钻石内部的问号。我不确定在 ASCII 中对应的是什么。

为什么我不回读那个 0x10,它是我最初写入的地址字节之后的第二个字节?

基于第一组答案,这里是更新的代码:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <inttypes.h>

#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <linux/i2c-dev.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#define I2C_ADAPTER "/dev/i2c-0"
#define I2C_DEVICE  0x00


int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int file;

    long addr, reg_addr;

    char *end;

    if(argc == 3) {
        addr = strtol(argv[1], &end, 16);
        printf("Value of addr is: %ld\n", addr);

        reg_addr = strtol(argv[2], &end, 16);
        printf("Value of reg_addr is: %ld\n", reg_addr);
    }
    else {
        printf("arg failed\n\n.");
        addr = 0x00;
    }


    if((file = open(I2C_ADAPTER, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
        printf("Failed to open the bus\n");
        return -1;
    }

    if(ioctl(file, I2C_SLAVE, addr) < 0) {
        printf("Unable to open device as slave \n%s\n", strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

    char buf[10];

    buf[0] = addr;
    buf[1] = reg_addr;
    buf[2] = 0x10;
    if(write(file, buf, 3) != 3) {
        printf("Failed to write to bus %s.\n\n", strerror(errno));
    }
    else {
        printf("Successful write\n");
        printf(buf);
        printf("\n\n");
    }

    if(read(file, buf, 3) != 3) {
        printf("Failed to read from the i2c bus.\n %s\n\n", strerror(errno));
    }
    else {
        printf("Successful read\n");
        printf("Buf = [%02X,%02X,%02X]\n", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
        printf("\n\n");
    }

    return 0;
}
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此时,每当我使用 0x00 作为 addr 时,无论 argv[2] 是什么,我都会得到 FF, FF, FF 作为输出。这是设备树文件的适用部分。请注意,这是模拟的,所以我无法探测物理设备。

&i2c0 {
    status = "okay";
    clock-frequency = <400000>;
    pinctrl-names = "default";

    i2cswitch@74 {
        compatible = "nxp,pca9548";
        #address-cells = <1>;
        #size-cells = <0>;
        reg = <0x74>;

        i2c@0 {
            #address-cells = <1>;
            #size-cells = <0>;
            reg = <0>;
            si570: clock-generator@5d {
                #clock-cells = <0>;
                compatible = "silabs,si570";
                temperature-stability = <50>;
                reg = <0x5d>;
                factory-fout = <156250000>;
                clock-frequency = <148500000>;
            };
        };

        i2c@2 {
            #address-cells = <1>;
            #size-cells = <0>;
            reg = <2>;
            eeprom@54 {
                compatible = "at,24c08";
                reg = <0x54>;
            };
        };

        i2c@3 {
            #address-cells = <1>;
            #size-cells = <0>;
            reg = <3>;
            gpio@21 {
                compatible = "ti,tca6416";
                reg = <0x21>;
                gpio-controller;
                #gpio-cells = <2>;
            };
        };

        i2c@4 {
            #address-cells = <1>;
            #size-cells = <0>;
            reg = <4>;
            rtc@51 {
                compatible = "nxp,pcf8563";
                reg = <0x51>;
            };
        };

        i2c@7 {
            #address-cells = <1>;
            #size-cells = <0>;
            reg = <7>;
            hwmon@52 {
                compatible = "ti,ucd9248";
                reg = <52>;
            };
            hwmon@53 {
                compatible = "ti,ucd9248";
                reg = <53>;
            };
            hwmon@54 {
                compatible = "ti,ucd9248";
                reg = <54>;
            };
        };
    };
};
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这是几个示例测试

尝试测试 SiLabs 时钟发生器

root@plnx_arm:~#/usr/bin/i2c-test-mem-location 0x54 0x00

addr 的值为:84

reg_addr 的值为:0

无法作为从设备打开设备

设备或资源繁忙

尝试测试eeprom设备

root@plnx_arm:~#/usr/bin/i2c-test-mem-location 0x5d 0x00

addr 的值为:93

reg_addr 的值为:0

无法作为从设备打开设备

设备或资源繁忙

这是我第三次尝试的程序。考虑到答案中的注释后,我写了这个

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <inttypes.h>

#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <linux/i2c-dev.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#define I2C_ADAPTER "/dev/i2c-0"
#define DEVICE_ADDRESS 0x54


int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int file;

    uint8_t reg, value;

    char *end;

    printf("The device address on the bus: %d", DEVICE_ADDRESS);

    if(argc == 3) {
        reg = strtol(argv[1], &end, 16);

        printf("Value of register address: %d\n", reg);

        value = strtol(argv[2], &end, 16);
        printf("value to write is: %d\n", value);
    }
    else {
        printf("arg failed\n\n.");
    }


    if((file = open(I2C_ADAPTER, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
        printf("Failed to open the bus\n");
        return -1;
    }

    if(ioctl(file, I2C_SLAVE, DEVICE_ADDRESS) < 0) {
        printf("Unable to open device as slave \n%s\n", strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

    char buf[10];

    buf[0] = reg;
    buf[1] = value;

    if(write(file, buf, 2) != 2) {
        printf("Failed to write to bus %s.\n\n", strerror(errno));
    }
    else {
        printf("Successful write\n");
        printf(buf);
        printf("\n\n");
    }

    if(read(file, buf, 2) != 2) {
        printf("Failed to read from the i2c bus.\n %s\n\n", strerror(errno));
    }
    else {
        printf("Successful read\n");
        printf("Buf = [%02X,%02X,%02X]\n", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2]);
        printf("\n\n");
    }

    return 0;
}
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不幸的是,即使如此,我还是遇到了同样的错误。

root@plnx_arm:~#/usr/bin/i2c-test-mem-location 0x00 0x10

总线上的设备地址:84寄存器地址的值:0

要写入的值为:16

无法作为从设备打开设备

设备或资源繁忙

root@plnx_arm:~#/usr/bin/i2c-test-mem-location 0x30 0x10

总线上的设备地址:84 寄存器地址的值:48

要写入的值为:16

无法作为从设备打开设备

设备或资源繁忙

And*_*ell 5

编辑 2:我认为您可能没有正确设置 I2C 设备地址。您拥有的I2C_ADAPTER( "/dev/i2c-0") 表示设备所在的 I2C 总线。您甚至没有使用您的I2C_DEVICE宏,但这就是您应该传递给您的ioctl调用的内容(例如ioctl(file, I2C_SLAVE, I2C_DEVICE);),它应该是您要访问的设备的 I2C 地址(例如0x5D用于时钟发生器)而不是0x00.

我也认为您的读/写不正确。一旦你指定了总线和设备open()ioctl()你就不需要再担心这些了。您只需要担心要访问的寄存器(如果您的 I2C 设备使用寄存器)和实际数据。

要写入您的 I2C 设备,假设它使用一个字节寄存器,请写入一个两个字节的缓冲区:第一个是寄存器,第二个是您要写入的值:

bool i2cdev_byte_write(int file, uint8_t reg, uint8_t val)
{
    uint8_t bytes[2];

    bytes[0] = reg;
    bytes[1] = val;

    /* Write the register followed by the value */
    if (write(file, bytes, 2) != 2)
        return false;

    return true;
}
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要从您的 I2C 设备读取,假设它使用一个一字节的寄存器,写入一个一字节的缓冲区(寄存器地址),然后读取一个或多个字节的缓冲区(该寄存器和后续寄存器的值):

bool i2cdev_bytes_read(int file, uint8_t reg, unsigned int count, uint8_t *out_buf)
{
    if (!out_buf)
        return false;

    /* Write the register */
    if (write(file, &reg, 1) != 1)
    {
        printf("Failed to write register value\n");
        return false;
    }

    /* Read the specified number of bytes */
    if (read(file, out_buf, count) != count)
    {
        printf("Failed to read from the i2c bus\n");
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}
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再次注意,上述所有注释都依赖于它是一个使用单字节寄存器地址的 I2C 设备,并且它支持在一次读取多个字节时自动递增寄存器地址。您需要查看 I2C 设备的数据表,以确定需要如何访问它。

编辑:这是printf()新手失败。你不能只是尝试printf一个字节数组。事情不是这样的printf()

尝试这个:

printf("Buf = [%02X,%02X]\n", buf[0], buf[1]);
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此外,正如我在原始回复中所写,您可能需要在读取寄存器内容之前再次写回寄存器地址。