Rails 5.1 API - 如何为嵌套的JSON对象的属性允许params

Question

关于这个主题至少有10个问题,但没有一个回答这个问题.许多问题都与Rails的形式像这样,我没有,或者是更复杂的,像JSON结构,这还是这个.

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编辑关于已接受的答案以及为什么这不是完全相同的

来自@CarlosRoque的答案中的链接问题最初看起来是同样的问题,但它只解决了这个特定问题的Rails方面.

如果您阅读了所有注释,您将看到多次尝试更改template_params方法,使用"template_items_attributes"对嵌套属性"template_items"进行RENAME或REPLACE.这是必要的,因为Rails accepts_nested_attributes_for需要将"_attributes"附加到名称,否则它无法看到它.

如果你检查修复wrap_parameters的答案中的猴子补丁代码,以便它适用于嵌套属性,你仍然会遇到它实际上找不到"template_items"(嵌套对象)的问题,因为它没有后缀"_attributes ".

因此,要完全解决此问题,还必须修改客户端以将嵌套对象作为"template_items_attributes"发送.对于JS客户端,可以通过在对象上实现toJSON()方法来完成,以便在序列化期间对其进行修改(此处为示例).但请注意,当您反序列化JSON时,您需要手动创建该对象的实例以使toJSON()起作用(在此解释原因).

---

我有一个简单的has_many/belongs_to:

楷模:

class Template < ApplicationRecord
  belongs_to :account
  has_many :template_items
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :template_items, allow_destroy: true
end


class TemplateItem < ApplicationRecord  
  belongs_to :template
  validates_presence_of :template

  enum item_type: {item: 0, heading: 1} 
end

从客户端发送的json看起来像这样:

{
  "id": "55e27eb7-1151-439d-87b7-2eba07f3e1f7",
  "account_id": "a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9",
  "name": "Test",
  "info": "INFO1234",
  "title": "TITLE1",
  "template_items": [
    {
      "is_completed": false,
      "item_type": "item"
    },
    {
      "is_completed": false,
      "item_type": "heading"
    }
  ]
}

有时在每个template_item中都会有一个:id和一个:content属性(例如,在创建它们并且用户开始编辑它们之后).

看起来像这样的template_params方法templates_controller:

   params.require(:template).permit(
      :id, :account_id, :name, :title, :info, 
      template_items: [:id, :is_completed, :content, :item_type]
  )

如果这是一个Rails表单,那么该行将是:

   params.require(:template).permit(
      :id, :account_id, :name, :title, :info, 
      template_items_attributes: [:id, :is_completed, :content, :item_type]
  )

用于保存嵌套子对象作为父模板更新操作的一部分.

我尝试更改嵌套的param名称:

def template_params
  params.require(:template).permit(:id, :account_id, :name, :title, :info, template_items: [:id, :is_completed, :content, :item_type])
  params[:template_items_attributes] = params.delete(:template_items) if params[:template_items]
  Rails.logger.info params
end

我可以看到他们仍然不被允许:

{  
      "template"   =><ActionController::Parameters   {  
      "id"      =>"55e27eb7-1151-439d-87b7-2eba07f3e1f7",
      "account_id"      =>"a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9",
      "name"      =>"Test",
      "info"      =>"INFO1234",
      "title"      =>"TITLE1",
   }   permitted:false   >,
   "template_items_attributes"   =>   [  
      <ActionController::Parameters      {  
         "is_completed"         =>false,
         "item_type"         =>"item"
      }      permitted:false      >,
      <ActionController::Parameters      {  
         "is_completed"         =>false,
         "item_type"         =>"item"
      }      permitted:false      >
   ]
}

我也试过合并:

template_params.merge! ({template_items_attributes:
params[:template_items]}) if params[:template_items].present?

同样的问题.

那么我如何才能确保它们被允许并包含在template_params中而不仅仅是执行.permit!(即我不想盲目地允许一切)？

控制器更新方法:

def update
    Rails.logger.info "*******HERE*******"
    Rails.logger.info template_params
    @template.template_items = template_params[:template_items_attributes]

    if @template.update(template_params)
      render json: @template
    else
      render json: ErrorSerializer.serialize(@template.errors), status: :unprocessable_entity
    end
  end

UDPATE

如果我从客户端"template_items_attributes"而不是"template_items"发送参数到Rails,然后执行建议的template_params,如下所示:

    def template_params
      params.require(:template).permit(:id, :account_id, :name, :title, :info, template_items_attributes: [:id, :is_completed, :content, :item_type])
    end

它仍然不会为模板创建新的子项!

有了这个,我输出之前和之后的参数,如下所示:

def update
    Rails.logger.info params
    Rails.logger.info "*******HERE*******"    
    Rails.logger.info template_params

    if @template.update(template_params)
      render json: @template
    else
      render json: ErrorSerializer.serialize(@template.errors), status: :unprocessable_entity
    end
  end

这是来自这个场景的日志--Rails是STILL完全忽略了嵌入式阵列.请注意,在HERE之前的params显示允许:false,然后template_params不再包含子项"template_items_attributes"并标记为allowed:true.

I, [2017-10-20T21:52:39.886104 #28142]  INFO -- : Processing by Api::TemplatesController#update as JSON
I, [2017-10-20T21:52:39.886254 #28142]  INFO -- :   Parameters: {"id"=>"55e27eb7-1151-439d-87b7-2eba07f3e1f7", "account_id"=>"a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9", "name"=>"Test", "info"=>"INFO12345", "title"=>"TITLE1", "created_at"=>"2017-10-14T19:30:41.450Z", "updated_at"=>"2017-10-20T17:48:24.909Z", "template_items_attributes"=>[{"is_completed"=>false, "item_type"=>"item"}], "template"=>{"id"=>"55e27eb7-1151-439d-87b7-2eba07f3e1f7", "account_id"=>"a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9", "name"=>"Test", "info"=>"INFO12345", "title"=>"TITLE1", "created_at"=>"2017-10-14T19:30:41.450Z", "updated_at"=>"2017-10-20T17:48:24.909Z"}}
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:39.903011 #28142] DEBUG -- :   User Load (7.7ms)  SELECT  "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."uid" = $1 LIMIT $2  [["uid", "rmcsharry+owner@gmail.com"], ["LIMIT", 1]]
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.072148 #28142] DEBUG -- :   Template Load (1.4ms)  SELECT  "templates".* FROM "templates" WHERE "templates"."id" = $1 ORDER BY name ASC LIMIT $2  [["id", "55e27eb7-1151-439d-87b7-2eba07f3e1f7"], ["LIMIT", 1]]
I, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.083727 #28142]  INFO -- : <ActionController::Parameters {"id"=>"55e27eb7-1151-439d-87b7-2eba07f3e1f7", "account_id"=>"a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9", "name"=>"Test", "info"=>"INFO12345", "title"=>"TITLE1", "created_at"=>"2017-10-14T19:30:41.450Z", "updated_at"=>"2017-10-20T17:48:24.909Z", "template_items_attributes"=>[{"is_completed"=>false, "item_type"=>"item"}], "controller"=>"api/templates", "action"=>"update", "template"=>{"id"=>"55e27eb7-1151-439d-87b7-2eba07f3e1f7", "account_id"=>"a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9", "name"=>"Test", "info"=>"INFO12345", "title"=>"TITLE1", "created_at"=>"2017-10-14T19:30:41.450Z", "updated_at"=>"2017-10-20T17:48:24.909Z"}} permitted: false>
I, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.083870 #28142]  INFO -- : *******HERE*******
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.084550 #28142] DEBUG -- : Unpermitted parameters: :created_at, :updated_at
I, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.084607 #28142]  INFO -- : <ActionController::Parameters {"id"=>"55e27eb7-1151-439d-87b7-2eba07f3e1f7", "account_id"=>"a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9", "name"=>"Test", "title"=>"TITLE1", "info"=>"INFO12345"} permitted: true>
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.084923 #28142] DEBUG -- : Unpermitted parameters: :created_at, :updated_at
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.085375 #28142] DEBUG -- :    (0.2ms)  BEGIN
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.114015 #28142] DEBUG -- :   Account Load (1.2ms)  SELECT  "accounts".* FROM "accounts" WHERE "accounts"."id" = $1 LIMIT $2  [["id", "a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9"], ["LIMIT", 1]]
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.131895 #28142] DEBUG -- :   Template Exists (0.8ms)  SELECT  1 AS one FROM "templates" WHERE "templates"."name" = $1 AND ("templates"."id" != $2) AND "templates"."account_id" = 'a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9' LIMIT $3  [["name", "Test"], ["id", "55e27eb7-1151-439d-87b7-2eba07f3e1f7"], ["LIMIT", 1]]
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.133754 #28142] DEBUG -- :    (0.3ms)  COMMIT
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.137763 #28142] DEBUG -- :   CACHE Account Load (0.0ms)  SELECT  "accounts".* FROM "accounts" WHERE "accounts"."id" = $1 LIMIT $2  [["id", "a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9"], ["LIMIT", 1]]
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.138714 #28142] DEBUG -- :    (0.2ms)  BEGIN
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.141293 #28142] DEBUG -- :   User Load (1.3ms)  SELECT  "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."id" = $1 LIMIT $2 FOR UPDATE  [["id", "88de3be9-6d18-4687-ab80-d50f78638ca9"], ["LIMIT", 1]]
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.235163 #28142] DEBUG -- :   Account Load (0.7ms)  SELECT  "accounts".* FROM "accounts" WHERE "accounts"."id" = $1 LIMIT $2  [["id", "a61151b8-deed-4efa-8cad-da1b143196c9"], ["LIMIT", 1]]
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.240997 #28142] DEBUG -- :   SQL (1.4ms)  UPDATE "users" SET "tokens" = $1, "updated_at" = $2 WHERE "users"."id" = $3  [["tokens", "{\"ryyymFZ7fpH50rMKArjZ2Q\":{\"token\":\"$2a$10$4jkgRe4LBPxJ8fQUOKCSausUi7DbIUD0bE.7ZRoOuTHrRuX6CaWOe\",\"expiry\":1509293414,\"last_token\":\"$2a$10$cpI.mz81JFjQT0J9acCCl.NdrEatI5l17GtrwrAfwyhyN3xRExcaC\",\"updated_at\":\"2017-10-15T17:10:16.996+02:00\"},\"Y2y0maUT5WYSfH6VZeORag\":{\"token\":\"$2a$10$8KERiIwlc3rX.Mdu.CW6wOMLDbVyB2PFCaBIlw7/LUxC3ITpYTISW\",\"expiry\":1509293475,\"last_token\":\"$2a$10$r6Xw6798T1P7UZlTbEaXoeBCl9oK2fMs72ppAtars8Ai/kaE6nE66\",\"updated_at\":\"2017-10-15T17:11:18.066+02:00\"},\"9Cy48CPVj3WhFkEBPUZQ1Q\":{\"token\":\"$2a$10$Qy4JOD8.jIcPhf93MqFCIelnVaA/ssE31w5DlL8MShDuMROsLSNuS\",\"expiry\":1509293942,\"last_token\":\"$2a$10$e6sxklrHRRD1C15Ix/MqQOfACuCMznmzUjF296cpO1ypWVvJ.JFJK\",\"updated_at\":\"2017-10-15T17:19:05.200+02:00\"},\"O5iufW0Gacqs9sIfJ9705w\":{\"token\":\"$2a$10$EkDf7.y3lY9D36lAwNHBGuct97M6/HGDvnrUsD72c8zCsfVd8y9c2\",\"expiry\":1509482450,\"last_token\":\"$2a$10$S0kHEvKxom2Qgdy0r.q0aeTSlSBFkqU4XZeY91n3RkkYkQykmmGVi\",\"updated_at\":\"2017-10-17T21:40:50.300+02:00\"},\"ETOadoEtoxcz6rR6Ced_dA\":{\"token\":\"$2a$10$8t01bWv/PsVojs3cazuSg..FWa9SZwq1/PUDfuN1S4yBxnMFv2zre\",\"expiry\":1509742360,\"last_token\":\"$2a$10$hveuajISXDOjHLm9EkVzvOd3pwKkqE1rQnIFBoojf0vgMLXV2EvVe\",\"updated_at\":\"2017-10-20T21:52:40.233+02:00\"}}"], ["updated_at", "2017-10-20 19:52:40.236607"], ["id", "88de3be9-6d18-4687-ab80-d50f78638ca9"]]
D, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.243960 #28142] DEBUG -- :    (1.3ms)  COMMIT
I, [2017-10-20T21:52:40.244504 #28142]  INFO -- : Completed 200 OK in 358ms (Views: 1.0ms | ActiveRecord: 37.7ms)

Answer 1

我想你忘记了params.require(:template).permit(...是一个返回值的方法,当你调用params以后修改它时你只修改了尚未被允许的params.你想要什么要做的是交换执行参数操作时的顺序.

def template_params
  params[:template][:template_items_attributes] = params[:template_items_attributes]
  params.require(:template).permit(:id, :account_id, :name, :title, :info, template_items_attributes: [:id, :is_completed, :content, :item_type])
end

更新:wrap_parameters是罪魁祸首,因为它不包括被包装的参数中的嵌套参数.这解决了这个问题

更新:这个答案实现了一个不同的解决方案 Rails 4不通过JSON更新嵌套属性

这是github中一个长期开放的请求!! 疯狂的 https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/19254