Django 1.8 测试问题：ProgrammingError: 关系“auth_user”不存在

Question

我最近将 Django 升级到 1.8 并设置了一个新的开发数据库以重新开始。迁移和依赖关系进展顺利，避免了您遇到的常见错误，最终解决了。该应用程序现在在本地运行良好。

但是，在尝试运行测试时出现错误：

python manage.py test

这是我得到的错误：

django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "auth_user" does not exist

不用说，Django 的 auth 模块确实是在应用程序中安装和迁移的，所以我不确定这是怎么回事。

这是完整的堆栈跟踪，以防您需要查看它，但它并没有说明任何对我找出此错误原因有帮助的内容：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/dabadaba/PycharmProjects/dogpatchsports_com/mysite/manage_sched_dev.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 354, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 346, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\test.py", line 30, in run_from_argv
    super(Command, self).run_from_argv(argv)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 394, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\test.py", line 74, in execute
    super(Command, self).execute(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 445, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\test.py", line 90, in handle
    failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\test\runner.py", line 210, in run_tests
    old_config = self.setup_databases()
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\test\runner.py", line 166, in setup_databases
    **kwargs
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\test\runner.py", line 370, in setup_databases
    serialize=connection.settings_dict.get("TEST", {}).get("SERIALIZE", True),
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\creation.py", line 368, in create_test_db
    test_flush=not keepdb,
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 120, in call_command
    return command.execute(*args, **defaults)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 445, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 179, in handle
    created_models = self.sync_apps(connection, executor.loader.unmigrated_apps)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 318, in sync_apps
    cursor.execute(statement)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 64, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 98, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "C:\Users\dabadaba\Envs\django18\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 62, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "auth_user" does not exist

我可以在这个答案之后找出一个解决方法，它阻止测试任务运行migrate，根据我一直在阅读的内容，这应该是发生错误的地方。奇怪的是，因为当我运行时migrate一切都很好。

但是，我宁愿不采取厚颜无耻的解决方法，而是坚持按照设计做事。此外，此错误可能暗示其他事情实际上是错误的，应该修复。

一些解决方案建议运行：

python manage.py migrate auth
python manage.py migrate

但这没有任何作用，因为我的项目中没有待处理的迁移。

我该如何解决这个神秘的问题？

Answer 1

如果您有任何具有 外键的应用程序auth.User，请确保这些应用程序的初始迁移依赖于auth 应用程序：

class Migration(migrations.Migration):

    dependencies = [('auth', '__first__')]