如何使用经过训练的Tensorflow模型预测值

Question

我已经在Tensorflow中训练了我的NN并保存了这样的模型：

def neural_net(x):
   layer_1 = tf.layers.dense(inputs=x, units=195, activation=tf.nn.sigmoid)
   out_layer = tf.layers.dense(inputs=layer_1, units=6)
   return out_layer

train_x = pd.read_csv("data_x.csv", sep=" ")
train_y = pd.read_csv("data_y.csv", sep=" ")
train_x = train_x / 6 - 0.5

train_size = 0.9
train_cnt = int(floor(train_x.shape[0] * train_size))
x_train = train_x.iloc[0:train_cnt].values
y_train = train_y.iloc[0:train_cnt].values
x_test = train_x.iloc[train_cnt:].values
y_test = train_y.iloc[train_cnt:].values

x = tf.placeholder("float", [None, 386])
y = tf.placeholder("float", [None, 6])

nn_output = neural_net(x)

cost = tf.reduce_mean(tf.losses.mean_squared_error(labels=y, predictions=nn_output))
optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(learning_rate=0.001).minimize(cost)

training_epochs = 5000
display_step = 1000
batch_size = 30

keep_prob = tf.placeholder("float")

saver = tf.train.Saver()
with tf.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
    for epoch in range(training_epochs):
        total_batch = int(len(x_train) / batch_size)
        x_batches = np.array_split(x_train, total_batch)
        y_batches = np.array_split(y_train, total_batch)
        for i in range(total_batch):
            batch_x, batch_y = x_batches[i], y_batches[i]
            _, c = sess.run([optimizer, cost], 
                            feed_dict={
                                x: batch_x, 
                                y: batch_y, 
                                keep_prob: 0.8
                            })
    saver.save(sess, 'trained_model', global_step=1000)

现在，我想在另一个文件中使用经过训练的模型。当然，有很多恢复和保存模型的例子，我经历了很多例子。我仍然无法使它们中的任何一个起作用，总是存在某种错误。这是我的还原文件，请您帮我使其还原保存的模型吗？

saver = tf.train.import_meta_graph('trained_model-1000.meta')
y_pred = []
with tf.Session() as sess:
    saver.restore(sess, tf.train.latest_checkpoint('./'))
    sess.run([y_pred], feed_dict={x: input_values})

例如，这种尝试给我带来错误“会话图为空。在调用run（）之前向该图添加操作”。那么我应该对图形添加什么操作，以及如何进行？我不知道该操作应在我的模型中执行什么...我不理解在Tensorflow中保存/恢复的整个概念。还是应该完全不同地进行还原？提前致谢！

Answer 1

如果我错了，请原谅我，但tf.train.Saver()只保存变量值而不保存图表本身。这意味着，如果您想将模型加载到不同的文件中，则需要重建图形或以某种方式加载图形。张量流文档指出：

tf.train.Saver 对象不仅将变量保存到检查点文件，还可以恢复变量。请注意，当您从文件中恢复变量时，不必事先初始化它们。

考虑以下示例：

保存模型的一个文件：

# Create some variables.
v1 = tf.get_variable("v1", shape=[3], initializer = tf.zeros_initializer) 
v2 = tf.get_variable("v2", shape=[5], initializer = tf.zeros_initializer)

inc_v1 = v1.assign(v1+1)
dec_v2 = v2.assign(v2-1)

# Add an op to initialize the variables.
init_op = tf.global_variables_initializer()

# Add ops to save and restore all the variables.
saver = tf.train.Saver()

# Later, launch the model, initialize the variables, do some work, and save the
# variables to disk.
with tf.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(init_op)
    # Do some work with the model.
    inc_v1.op.run()
    dec_v2.op.run()
    # Save the variables to disk.
    save_path = saver.save(sess, "/tmp/model.ckpt")
    print("Model saved in file: %s" % save_path)

加载先前保存的模型的另一个文件：

tf.reset_default_graph()

# Create some variables.
v1 = tf.get_variable("v1", shape=[3])
v2 = tf.get_variable("v2", shape=[5])

# Add ops to save and restore all the variables.
saver = tf.train.Saver()

# Later, launch the model, use the saver to restore variables from disk, and
# do some work with the model.
with tf.Session() as sess:
   # Restore variables from disk.
   saver.restore(sess, "/tmp/model.ckpt")
   print("Model restored.")
   # Check the values of the variables
   print("v1 : %s" % v1.eval())
   print("v2 : %s" % v2.eval())