Django在多个模型中搜索字段

Question

我想在许多模型中搜索多个字段.我不想使用其他应用程序,如'Haystack',只有纯Django.例如:

# models.py

class Person(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField("First name", max_length=255)
    last_name = models.CharField("Last name", max_length=255)
    # other fields


class Restaurant(models.Model):
    restaurant_name = models.CharField("Restaurant name", max_length=255)
    # other fields


class Pizza(models.Model):
    pizza_name = models.CharField("Pizza name", max_length=255)
    # other fields

当我键入'Tonny'时,我应该得到一个:

• "Tonny Montana"来自Person模特
• "Tonny's Restaurant"来自Restaurant模特
• 来自pizza模特的"Tonny's Special Pizza" .

Answer 1

一种解决方案是查询所有模型

# Look up Q objects for combining different fields in a single query
from django.db.models import Q
people = Person.objects.filter(Q(first_name__contains=query) | Q(last_name__contains=query)
restaurants = Restaurant.objects.filter(restaurant_name__contains=query)
pizzas = Pizza.objects.filter(pizza_name__contains=query)

然后根据需要合并结果

from itertools import chain
results = chain(people, restaurants, pizzas)

好的,当然,这是一个更通用的解决方案.搜索所有型号的所有CharFields:

search_models = [] # Add your models here, in any way you find best.
search_results = []
for model in search_models:
    fields = [x for x in model._meta.fields if isinstance(x, django.db.models.CharField)]
    search_queries = [Q(**{x.name + "__contains" : search_query}) for x in fields]
    q_object = Q()
    for query in search_queries:
        q_object = q_object | query

    results = model.objects.filter(q_object)
    search_results.append(results)

这将为您提供所有查询集的列表,然后您可以将其模制为您选择使用的格式.

要获取要填充的模型列表search_models,您可以手动执行,或使用类似的功能get_models.阅读文档以获取有关其工作原理的更多信息.