如何将MySQL转储从主机还原到Docker容器

Question

我确定这是重复的主题，但我根本无法完成它：我想在运行时将数据库转储恢复到MySQL容器，而无需修改docker-compose.yml文件。

Docker文件

FROM php:5.4.45-apache
RUN apt-get update
RUN docker-php-ext-install mysql mysqli

docker-compose.yml

version: '2'
services:
  php_service:
    container_name: my_php
    # Use Dockerfile in this dir to build the image
    build: .
    # Stop containers always after exiting.
    restart: always
    ports:
      # 'localhost' does not works from the host, but the IP of docker itself
      # (192.168.99.100 for example - shown on the top of the console)
      - "80:80"
      - "443:443"
    environment:
      # Pass variables
      - API_TOKEN=xxxx
    volumes:
      # The current directory will be mounted to '/var/www/html'
      # WORKS ONLY IN USER'S DIR ON WINDOWS (~/Downloads for example)
      - .:/var/www/html
  # See https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql/ for additional information.
  # To open up console, run `docker exec -it my_mysql bash`.
  # To restore a dump `docker exec -i my_mysql /usr/bin/mysql -u root
  # --password=test_pass DATABASE < DUMP.sql` should work, but it never did.
  mysql_service:
    container_name: my_mysql
    # Use an existing image
    image: mysql:5.6
    restart: always
    ports:
      # Let it accessible for other apps (mysql on host, IDE, etc.)
      - "3306:3306"
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 'test_pass' # TODO: Change this
      MYSQL_USER: 'test'
      MYSQL_PASS: 'pass'
    volumes:
      # Named volumes (my-datavolume) has to be listed in the "volumes"
      # section - I don't know how it works or what is it doing at all...
      # (-_-')
      - my-datavolume:/var/lib/mysql
volumes:
  my-datavolume:

重现步骤：

• 在Windows 7主机上启动Docker Toolbox
• docker-compose up
• 打开一个新的Docker Toolbox终端
• docker exec my_msql /usr/bin/mysql -u root --password=test_pass -e 'CREATE DATABASE testdb;'
• docker exec -i my_mysql /usr/bin/mysql -u root --password=test_pass testdb < dump_on_host.sql
• docker exec -it my_mysql /usr/bin/mysql -u root --password=test_pass testdb
• mysql> SHOW TABLES;

数据库为空。似乎它什么也没做，因为终端响应太快。我通过在主机上安装MySQL尝试了转储，可以将其还原。

Answer 1

试试下面的命令对我来说很好。

从Docker主机运行它。

后备

docker exec容器/ usr / bin / mysqldump -u root --password = root数据库> backup.sql

还原
cat backup.sql | docker exec -i容器/ usr / bin / mysql -u root --password = root数据库

如有任何问题，请通知我。

Answer 2

您正在使用卷，这意味着在您恢复转储后，数据将保留。

您还在端口 3306 中公开数据库，因此解决方案可能是通过客户端连接到数据库。您可以使用像MySql Workbench这样的图形客户端连接到 mysql并从那里恢复数据库。

或者，如果您在命令行中安装了 mysql

$ mysql --host=127.0.0.1 --port=3306 -u test -p testdb < dump_on_host.sql

Answer 3

dockerhub 上的文档对我有用：https ://hub.docker.com/_/mysql

备份

docker exec some-mysql sh -c 'exec mysqldump --all-databases -u<user> -p<password> <database>' > /some/path/on/your/host/all-databases.sql

恢复

docker exec -i some-mysql sh -c 'exec mysql -u<user> -p<password> <database>' < /some/path/on/your/host/all-databases.sql