自定义身份验证asp.net核心web api

Question

我想使用一个秘密密钥(api密钥)授权asp.net核心web api.密钥将在Authorization标头中传递,如下所示,

ex. Authorization keytype;h43484344343bbhfdjfdfhj34343

我想编写一个中间件来从请求头读取此密钥,并调用内部api来验证密钥.

在web api中,我们可以编写一个消息处理程序来执行此操作,但我是asp.net核心的新手.我看到了很多样本​​,但他们正在使用内置的JWT令牌认证.但是我想使用自己的密钥并解密此密钥并对数据库条目进行验证.

任何人都可以建议一些代码示例如何做到这一点？

Answer 1

我在使用asp核心1.1的解决方案中使用了这种方法.首先定义一个自定义方案:

public static class Authentication
{
    public const string Scheme = "Custom";
}

然后你必须继承AuthenticationHandler<TOptions>.以下是验证标头值的逻辑:

public class MyAuthenticationHandler : AuthenticationHandler<MyOptions>
{
    protected override Task<AuthenticateResult> HandleAuthenticateAsync()
    {
        var authorizationHeader = Context.Request.Headers["Authorization"];
        if (!authorizationHeader.Any())
            return Task.FromResult(AuthenticateResult.Skip());

        var value = authorizationHeader.ToString();
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value))
            return Task.FromResult(AuthenticateResult.Skip());

        // place logic here to validate the header value (decrypt, call db etc)

        var claims = new[]
        {
            new Claim(System.Security.Claims.ClaimTypes.Name, "Bob")
        };

        // create a new claims identity and return an AuthenticationTicket 
        // with the correct scheme
        var claimsIdentity = new ClaimsIdentity(claims, Authentication.Scheme);

        var ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(new ClaimsPrincipal(claimsIdentity), new AuthenticationProperties(), Authentication.Scheme);

        return Task.FromResult(AuthenticateResult.Success(ticket));
    }
}

为了继承,AuthenticationHandler您必须创建一个选项类,在其中将AuthenticationScheme-property 设置为您正在使用的方案:

public class MyOptions : AuthenticationOptions
{
    AuthenticationScheme = Authentication.Scheme;
}

在此之后你必须继承AuthenticationMiddleware<TOptions>.这将创建您在上一步中实现的处理程序:

public class MyAuthenticationMiddleware : AuthenticationMiddleware<MyOptions>
{
    public MyAuthenticationMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, IOptions<MyOptions> options, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory, UrlEncoder encoder) : base(next, options, loggerFactory, encoder)
    {
    }

    protected override AuthenticationHandler<MyOptions> CreateHandler()
    {
        return new MyAuthenticationHandler();
    }
}

为了轻松插入中间件,您可以定义以下扩展方法:

public static IApplicationBuilder UseMyAuthentication(this IApplicationBuilder app, IConfigurationSection config)
{
    return app.UseMyAuthentication(options => {});
}

private static IApplicationBuilder UseMyAuthentication(this IApplicationBuilder app, Action<MyOptions> configure)
{
    var options = new MyOptions();
    configure?.Invoke(options);

    return app.UseMiddleware<MyAuthenticationMiddleware>(new OptionsWrapper<MyOptions>(options));
}

然后在你的Startup课堂上你最终可以添加你的中间件:

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
    app.UseMyAuthentication(Configuration.GetSection("MyAuthenticationOptions"));

    // other stuff

    app.UseMvc();
}

然后添加AuthorizeAttribute指定刚刚创建的方案的操作:

[Authorize(ActiveAuthenticationSchemes = Authentication.Scheme)]
public IActionResult Get()
{
    // stuff ...
}

有很多步骤,但希望这会让你前进!