os.walk与正则表达式

Question

我想获得一个适用于我所拥有的正则表达式的文件列表.我想我应该使用os.walk,但我如何使用正则表达式？

谢谢.

Answer 1

我不知道stdlib实现这一点的任何东西,但代码并不难:

import os, os.path

def iter_matching(dirpath, regexp):
    """Generator yielding all files under `dirpath` whose absolute path
       matches the regular expression `regexp`.
       Usage:

           >>> for filename in iter_matching('/', r'/home.*\.bak'):
           ....    # do something
    """
    for dir_, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(dirpath):
        for filename in filenames:
            abspath = os.path.join(dir_, filename)
            if regexp.match(abspath):
                yield abspath

或者更一般:

import os, os.path

def filter_filenames(dirpath, predicate):
    """Usage:

           >>> for filename in filter_filenames('/', re.compile(r'/home.*\.bak').match):
           ....    # do something
    """
    for dir_, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(dirpath):
        for filename in filenames:
            abspath = os.path.join(dir_, filename)
            if predicate(abspath):
                yield abspath

Answer 2

如果您的正则表达式可以转换为 shell 表达式，例如foo/*.txt您可以使用glob.

>>> import glob
>>> glob.glob('./[0-9].*')
['./1.gif', './2.txt']
>>> glob.glob('*.gif')
['1.gif', 'card.gif']
>>> glob.glob('?.gif')
['1.gif']