为什么我不能安装phantomjs(错误:EACCES:权限被拒绝)？

Question

之前我在这台机器上安装了phantomjs,但是现在它找不到可执行文件了.所以我卸载它(npm uninstall phantomjs,npm uninstall phantomjs-prebuild).

但安装它不起作用.有人可以告诉我为什么/如何解决它？

$ sudo -H npm -g install phantomjs-prebuilt
/usr/bin/phantomjs -> /usr/lib/node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt/bin/phantomjs

> phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15 install /usr/lib/node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt
> node install.js

Considering PhantomJS found at /usr/bin/phantomjs
Looks like an `npm install -g`
Could not link global install, skipping...
Downloading https://github.com/Medium/phantomjs/releases/download/v2.1.1/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2
Saving to /tmp/phantomjs/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2
Receiving...
  [=======================================-] 98%
Received 22866K total.
Extracting tar contents (via spawned process)
Removing /usr/lib/node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt/lib/phantom
Copying extracted folder /tmp/phantomjs/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2-extract-1505979849548/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64 -> /usr/lib/node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt/lib/phantom
Phantom installation failed { Error: EACCES: permission denied, link '/tmp/phantomjs/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2-extract-1505979849548/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64' -> '/usr/lib/node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt/lib/phantom'
    at Error (native)
  errno: -13,
  code: 'EACCES',
  syscall: 'link',
  path: '/tmp/phantomjs/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2-extract-1505979849548/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64',
  dest: '/usr/lib/node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt/lib/phantom' } Error: EACCES: permission denied, link '/tmp/phantomjs/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2-extract-1505979849548/phantomjs-2.1.1-linux-x86_64' -> '/usr/lib/node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt/lib/phantom'
    at Error (native)
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
npm ERR! errno 1
npm ERR! phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15 install: `node install.js`
npm ERR! Exit status 1
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Failed at the phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15 install script.
npm ERR! This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.

npm ERR! A complete log of this run can be found in:
npm ERR!     /root/.npm/_logs/2017-09-21T07_44_13_695Z-debug.log

日志给出:

2467 silly install phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15
2468 info lifecycle phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15~install: phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15
2469 verbose lifecycle phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15~install: unsafe-perm in lifecycle false
2470 verbose lifecycle phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15~install: PATH: /usr/lib/node_modules/npm/bin/node-gyp-bin:/usr/lib/node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt/node_modules/.bin:/usr/lib/node_modules/.bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin
2471 verbose lifecycle phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15~install: CWD: /usr/lib/node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt
2472 silly lifecycle phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15~install: Args: [ '-c', 'node install.js' ]
2473 silly lifecycle phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15~install: Returned: code: 1  signal: null
2474 info lifecycle phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15~install: Failed to exec install script
2475 verbose unlock done using /root/.npm/_locks/staging-a072192f34a17023.lock for /usr/lib/node_modules/.staging
2476 verbose stack Error: phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15 install: `node install.js`
2476 verbose stack Exit status 1
2476 verbose stack     at EventEmitter.<anonymous> (/usr/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/npm-lifecycle/index.js:280:16)
2476 verbose stack     at emitTwo (events.js:106:13)
2476 verbose stack     at EventEmitter.emit (events.js:191:7)
2476 verbose stack     at ChildProcess.<anonymous> (/usr/lib/node_modules/npm/node_modules/npm-lifecycle/lib/spawn.js:55:14)
2476 verbose stack     at emitTwo (events.js:106:13)
2476 verbose stack     at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:191:7)
2476 verbose stack     at maybeClose (internal/child_process.js:891:16)
2476 verbose stack     at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (internal/child_process.js:226:5)
2477 verbose pkgid phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15
2478 verbose cwd /tmp
2479 verbose Linux 4.10.0-33-generic
2480 verbose argv "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "-g" "install" "phantomjs-prebuilt"
2481 verbose node v6.11.2
2482 verbose npm  v5.4.2
2483 error code ELIFECYCLE
2484 error errno 1
2485 error phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15 install: `node install.js`
2485 error Exit status 1
2486 error Failed at the phantomjs-prebuilt@2.1.15 install script.
2486 error This is probably not a problem with npm. There is likely additional logging output above.
2487 verbose exit [ 1, true ]

我的系统

• Ubuntu 16.04
• npm 5.4.2

Answer 1

我也遇到了这个错误，并找到了 2 个解决方案：

1. 通过 npm 配置更改修复此问题

   1. 检查您当前的 npm-config（在 linux 上npm config list --json | grep "user\|unsafe-perm"）
   2. 如果 nesseccary 更改您的 npm-config
      • npm config set user 0 以 root 身份运行包脚本时要设置的 UID。
      • npm config set unsafe-perm true 设置为 true 以在运行包脚本时禁止 UID/GID 切换。如果显式设置为 false，则以非 root 用户身份安装将失败。

2. npmjs.com 建议针对此错误切换到 npm 版本管理器，如本文所述。

Answer 2

尽管回答这个问题还为时已晚，但我还是会继续讲下去。

我这样做可以使它起作用

sudo npm install -g phantomjs@2.1.1 --unsafe-perm

在这里查看评论

Answer 3

只是一个快速修复：

# Install locally (in my case: ~/node_modules)
$ npm install phantomjs-prebuilt

# Add to path
$ cd ~/bin
~/bin$ ln -s ../node_modules/phantomjs-prebuilt/bin/phantomjs

# Check if it worked
$ phantomjs --version
2.1.1