Config Parser Python - 如何读取 json 文件？

Question

profile.json我已经在与我的文件夹相同的文件夹中创建了一个文件script/.py。它看起来像：

{
    "name": "",
    "lastname": "",
    "age": "",
    "city": "",
}

我希望将其插入到我的脚本中，该脚本的标题为：

"info": {
    "given_name": "",
    "given_Lastname": "",
    "given_age": "",
    "given_city": ""
}

我想知道如何才能从我的profile.json脚本中读取内容？这是我第一次使用它，而且我也是 Python 新手。我觉得这可能是一种修改信息的简单方法，而不必每次都更改代码。

编辑：

尝试这样做：

with open('profile.json',encoding='UTF-8') as json_data: config = json.load(json_data) print(config)

然后：

"info": 
       {
         "given_name": config.given_name
       }

打印内容显示了很好的信息，但是当涉及到“given_name”时：config.given_name然后我收到一条错误消息

AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'given_name'

Answer 1

问题是你试图将字典键作为属性访问（即：config["given_name"]vs config.given_name。你也多次更改了你的问题，但你想要做的（我认为）很简单。对于这个简单的例子，你已经给出，如果你有一个 json 文件，其中只有一个 json 对象，这可能更接近你想要做的事情：

*注意：你的json语法错误，应该是{ "info": { ... } }

#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''profile.json:
{
    "name": "steve",
    "lastname": "jobs",
    "age": "70",
    "city": "heaven"
}
'''
import json
import io


# Open the JSON File and create a StringIO buffer to hold data
with open('profile.json', 'r') as datafile, io.StringIO() as data:
    # Load data into json file
    config = json.load(datafile)
    # Build json strong
    data.write(f'''{{
            \r\t"info": {{
            \r\t\t"given_name": "{config['name']}",
            \r\t\t"given_Lastname": "{config['lastname']}",
            \r\t\t"given_age": "{config['age']}",
            \r\t\t"given_city": "{config['city']}"
            \r\t}}\n}}''')
    print(data.getvalue())
    # open a new file to save the data (overwrite if it exists)
    with open('newfile.json', 'w') as outfile:
        # load the json string and dump to outfile
        deserialized = json.loads(data.getvalue())
        json.dump(deserialized, outfile)
        # newfile.json:
        #{
        #        "info": {
        #                "given_name": "steve",
        #                "given_Lastname": "jobs",
        #                "given_age": "70",
        #                "given_city": "heaven"
        #        }
        #}

这只是您给我的数据的一个简单示例，因此我制作了另一个使用 json 列表而不是 json 字典的示例：

[{
    "name": "steve",
    "lastname": "jobs",
    "age": "70",
    "city": "heaven"
},
{
    "name": "steve1",
    "lastname": "jobs1",
    "age": "71",
    "city": "heaven1"
},
{
    "name": "steve2",
    "lastname": "jobs2",
    "age": "72",
    "city": "heaven2"
},
{
    "name": "steve3",
    "lastname": "jobs3",
    "age": "73",
    "city": "heaven3"
},
{
    "name": "steve4",
    "lastname": "jobs4",
    "age": "74",
    "city": "heaven4"
}]

还有一个类似的脚本：

#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''profile.json:
'''
import json
import io


# Open the JSON File and create a StringIO buffer to hold data
# Note: StringIO provides a file-like interface over a string
with open('profile.json', 'r') as datafile, io.StringIO() as data:
    # Load data into json file
    config = json.load(datafile)
    # Build json strong
    data.write('{\n\t"info": [\n')
    #data.write('\t{')
    for jsonobj in config:
        data.write(f'''\t    {{
                \r\t\t"given_name": "{jsonobj['name']}",
                \r\t\t"given_Lastname": "{jsonobj['lastname']}",
                \r\t\t"given_age": "{jsonobj['age']}",
                \r\t\t"given_city": "{jsonobj['city']}"
                \r\t    }}''')

        # Note: There is a bug here.
        # This will not be able to handle duplicate objects in
        # the json list. For a trivial example like this, it works.
        if jsonobj == config[-1]:
            data.write('\n\t]\n}')
        else:
            data.write(',\n')
    # open a new file to save the data (overwrite if it exists)
    with open('newfile.json', 'w') as outfile:
        # We need to serialize the json data if we want to write to file
        deserialized = json.loads(data.getvalue())
        outfile.write(json.dumps(serialized))
        # or we can just print it
        print(serialized)