java.lang.OutOfMemoryError:位图大小超过VM预算

Question

我试图将我的应用程序的布局从纵向更改为横向,反之亦然.但是如果我经常这样做或不止一次,那么我的应用程序有时会崩溃.下面是错误日志.请建议可以做些什么？

 01-06 09:52:27.787: ERROR/dalvikvm-heap(17473): 1550532-byte external allocation too large for this process. 01-06 09:52:27.787: ERROR/dalvikvm(17473): Out of memory: Heap Size=6471KB, Allocated=4075KB, Bitmap Size=9564KB 
 01-06 09:52:27.787: ERROR/(17473): VM won't let us allocate 1550532 bytes 
 01-06 09:52:27.798: DEBUG/skia(17473): --- decoder->decode returned false
 01-06 09:52:27.798: DEBUG/AndroidRuntime(17473): Shutting down VM
 01-06 09:52:27.798: WARN/dalvikvm(17473): threadid=3: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x4001e390)
 01-06 09:52:27.807: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): Uncaught handler: thread main exiting due to uncaught exception
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class <unknown
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2596) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2621) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.app.ActivityThread.handleRelaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3812) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2300(ActivityThread.java:126) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1936) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4595) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:860) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:618) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class <unknown
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:513) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:56) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:563) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:385) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:320) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:276) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.setContentView(PhoneWindow.java:207) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java:1629) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at onCreate(Game.java:98)
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2544) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     ...  12 more
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.widget.LinearLayout.<init>(LinearLayout.java:92) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:446) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:500) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     ...  22 more
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473): Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.nativeDecodeAsset(Native Method)
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:464) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:340) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:697) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1705) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.content.res.TypedArray.getDrawable(TypedArray.java:548) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.view.View.<init>(View.java:1850) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.view.View.<init>(View.java:1799) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     at android.view.ViewGroup.<init>(ViewGroup.java:296) 
 01-06 09:52:27.857: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(17473):     ...  26 more 

Answer 1

我发现开发Android应用程序的最常见错误之一是

java.lang.OutOfMemoryError:位图大小超过VM预算

错误.我在更改方向后使用大量位图的活动中经常发现此错误:活动被销毁,再次创建,布局从消耗可用于位图的VM内存的XML中"膨胀".

前一个Activity布局上的位图未被垃圾收集器正确释放,因为它们已经交叉引用了它们的活动.经过多次实验,我发现了一个很好的解决方案.

首先,在XML布局的父视图上设置"id"属性:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:id="@+id/RootView">
        ...

然后,在onDestroy() Activity 的方法上,调用unbindDrawables()方法将引用传递给父View,然后执行System.gc().

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();

        unbindDrawables(findViewById(R.id.RootView));
        System.gc();
    }

    private void unbindDrawables(View view) {
        if (view.getBackground() != null) {
            view.getBackground().setCallback(null);
        }
        if (view instanceof ViewGroup) {
            for (int i = 0; i < ((ViewGroup) view).getChildCount(); i++) {
                unbindDrawables(((ViewGroup) view).getChildAt(i));
            }
            ((ViewGroup) view).removeAllViews();
        }
    }

此unbindDrawables()方法以递归方式探索视图树,并且:

1. 删除所有背景drawable上的回调
2. 删除每个视图组上的子项

Answer 2

我有java.lang.OutOfMemoryError:位图大小多次超过VM预算错误

1)稍后从应用程序切换回应用程序时(按主页按钮,浏览一些网址后)

2)经常登录/退出应用程序(10秒内)

3)水平/垂直切换设备时

最后我按照以下方式解决了错误

    public void clearAllResources() {

    // Set related variables null

    System.gc();
    Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
   }

Answer 3

这是一个实用的答案,我试图在运行时避免这个问题

Runtime.getRuntime().gc();

调用垃圾收集器是个好主意.

Answer 4

您正在泄漏资源（很可能是Drawable对象）。尝试使用哪些 Android 工具和方法最适合查找内存/资源泄漏？