如何在docker容器中使用matplotlib.pyplot？

Question

我在一个名为的docker镜像中有一定的Python设置deep.我曾经运行python代码

docker run --rm -it -v "$PWD":/app -w /app deep python some-code.py

有关信息,-v并-w选择在当前路径容器链接本地文件.

但是,我不能用matplotlib.pyplot.让我们说test.py是

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.plot([1,2], [3,4])
plt.show()

我收到了这个错误.

Traceback (most recent call last):
 File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 3147, in plot
   ax = gca()
 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 928, in gca
   return gcf().gca(**kwargs)
 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 578, in gcf
   return figure()
 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 527, in figure
**kwargs)
 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py", line 84, in new_figure_manager
   return new_figure_manager_given_figure(num, figure)
 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py", line 92, in new_figure_manager_given_figure
   window = Tk.Tk()
 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 1818, in __init__
   self.tk = _tkinter.create(screenName, baseName, className, interactive, wantobjects, useTk, sync, use)
_tkinter.TclError: no display name and no $DISPLAY environment variable

通过解决方案搜索,我只有一个解决方案.我想我能做到

$ xauth list
xxxx/unix:0 yyyy 5nsk3hd                                # copy this list
$ docker run --rm -it -v "$PWD":/app -w /app \
             --net=host -e DISPLAY \
             -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix \
             deep bash

inside-container$ xauth add xxxx/unix:0 yyyy 5nsk3hd    # paste the list
inside-container$ python test.py                        # now the plot works!!

我的问题是,不是所有那些在容器内启动bash,设置xauth和运行Python ,我可以进行这样的设置,以便我可以在容器外运行代码吗？docker run

我试过了

docker run --rm -it -v "$PWD":/app -w /app \
           --net=host -e DISPLAY \
           -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix \
           -e "xauth add xxxx/unix:0 yyyy 5nsk3hd" \
           deep python test.py

使用--entry参数,但它没有用.请帮忙.

Answer 1

有趣的是,我在ROS社区找到了非常好的和彻底的解决方案.http://wiki.ros.org/docker/Tutorials/GUI

对于我的问题,我的最终选择是教程中的第二种方式:

docker run --rm -it \
   --user=$(id -u) \
   --env="DISPLAY" \
   --workdir=/app \
   --volume="$PWD":/app \
   --volume="/etc/group:/etc/group:ro" \
   --volume="/etc/passwd:/etc/passwd:ro" \
   --volume="/etc/shadow:/etc/shadow:ro" \
   --volume="/etc/sudoers.d:/etc/sudoers.d:ro" \
   --volume="/tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix:rw" \
   deepaul python test.python