如何获取Python中两个日期之间特定月份的天数

Question

我有两个日期字段campaign_start_date和campaign_end_date. 我要算天在每个月自带在两者之间的数量campaign_start_date和campaign_end_date。

例如：

campaign_start_date  = September 7 2017
campaign_end_date    = November 6 2017

解决方案应该是：

Total No:of days       = 61 days
No: of months          = 3 months
Month 1                = 9/7/2017 to 9/30/2017
Month 2                = 10/1/2017 to 10/31/2017
Month 3                = 11/1/2017 to 11/6/2017
No:of days in Month 1  = 24 days
No:of days in Month 2  = 31 days
No:of days in Month 3  = 6 days

如何使用 Python 实现这一目标？到目前为止，我已经取得了：

@api.multi
    def print_date(self):
        start_date = datetime.strptime(self.start_date, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
        end_date = datetime.strptime(self.end_date, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
        campaign_start_date = date(start_date.year,start_date.month,start_date.day)
        campaign_end_date = date(end_date.year,end_date.month,end_date.day)
        duration = (campaign_end_date-campaign_start_date).days  
        return True

Answer 1

以天为单位计算持续时间：

from datetime import date

campaign_start_date = date(2017, 9, 7)
campaign_end_date = date(2017, 10, 6)
duration = (campaign_end_date-campaign_start_date).days
print campaign_start_date, campaign_end_date, duration 

进一步计算的一些提示：

import calendar

campaign_end_month_start = campaign_end_date.replace(day=1)
days_in_month_campaign_end = (campaign_end_date - campaign_end_month_start).days + 1

range_startmonth = calendar.monthrange(campaign_start_date.year, campaign_start_date.month)
campaign_start_month_ends = campaign_start_date.replace(day=range_startmonth[1])

days_in_month_campaign_begins = (campaign_start_month_ends - campaign_start_date).days

通过这种方式，您可以计算活动每个月的天数（请记住检查是否campaign_end_date在另一个月campaign_start_date

对于计算，您还可以访问日期的字段，例如

campaign_start_date.day
campaign_start_date.month
campaign_start_date.year

要计算活动中涉及的月份数并获取月份列表以计算每月的持续时间，您可以使用它（基于Python中 m.antkowicz 的答案：获取所有月份的范围？）。current = current.replace(day=1)在循环之前和循环内部将日期设置为 1 ( )很重要，否则当您的开始日期是一个月的 31 日并且下个月短于 31 天或者您有更长的时间时，您会跳过一个月：

from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta    
current = campaign_start_date
result = [current]

current = current.replace(day=1)
while current <= campaign_end_date:
    current += timedelta(days=32)
    current = current.replace(day=1)
    result.append(datetime(current.year, current.month, 1))

print result, len(result)

打印（当您使用current.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')：

['2017-09-07'、'2017-10-01'、'2017-11-01'] 3

现在您可以遍历结果列表并计算每月的天数：

durations= []
for curr in result:
    curr_range = calendar.monthrange(curr.year, curr.month)
    curr_duration = (curr_range[1] - curr.day)+1
    if (curr.month < campaign_end_date.month):
        durations.append(curr_duration)
    else:
        durations.append(campaign_end_date.day)

print durations

它为您提供了所需的“第 x 个月的天数”作为列表：

[24, 31, 6]