在 Python 2 的子类中重写部分 __init__ 方法

Question

我想创建子类的子类（Barrier 是墙的一种类型，是障碍物的一种），并且我希望 Barrier 具有与 wall 相同的init方法，但 self.type 除外= 'barrier'，但我不知道如何做到这一点（我对编程很陌生，所以如果这很简单，我很抱歉，但我无法找到我理解的答案）。到目前为止我有：

class Obstacle:
    def __init__(self, type):
        self.type = 'obstacle'

    def __str__(self):
        return "obstacle"

class Wall(Obstacle):

    def __init__(self, origin, end):

        self.type = 'wall'
        self.origin = origin
        self.end = end

        # etc.... (i.e. there are more things included in here which the 
        # that the barrier also needs to have (like coordinate vectors etc.)

class Barrier(Wall):

    def __str__(self):
        return "Barrier obstacle"

我如何更改它，以便 Barrier 类具有与 Walls 相同的init方法内容，除了它们的“self.type = 'barrier'”？

Answer 1

只需在调用版本后覆盖该属性即可Wall：

class Barrier(Wall):
    def __init__(self, origin, end):
        super().__init__(origin, end)
        self.type = 'barrier'

    def __str__(self):
        return "Barrier obstacle"

然而，您可能需要考虑使用类属性；您的实例属性都不是动态的且特定于类的每个实例。这些类中的每一个的属性type肯定不会从一个实例更改为另一个实例：

class Obstacle:
    type = 'obstacle'

    def __str__(self):
        return self.type

class Wall(Obstacle):
    type = 'wall'

    def __init__(self, origin, end):
        super().__init__()
        self.origin = origin
        self.end = end
        # etc.... (i.e. there are more things included in here which the 
        # that the barrier also needs to have (like coordinate vectors etc.)

class Barrier(Wall):
    type = 'barrier'