如何在 Spring Boot 集成测试中自动装配存储库？

Question

我正在尝试编写集成测试，但在测试中自动装配存储库时遇到问题。

我收到此异常： org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException：无法实例化 [org.observer.media.repository.ArticleRepository]：指定的类是一个接口。

编辑：我使用 @EnableJpaRepositories 添加了 PersistenceConfig.class，代码如下。这会导致异常 org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'entityManagerFactory' available

我还尝试在 @SpringBootTest(classes = {} 中添加 Application.class 来捕获所有尝试，但这会引发Error creating bean with name 'articleRepository': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Not a managed type: class org.observer.media.model.Article

ScraperRunnerIntegrationTest（配置类仅包含域类的bean）：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = {
        ApplicationConfig.class,
        PersistenceConfig.class,
        DeMorgenTestConfig.class,
        Article.class,
        ScraperRunner.class,
        DeMorgenWebsiteScraper.class,
        ArticleService.class,
        DeMorgenPageScraper.class,
        JsoupParser.class,
        DeMorgenArticleScraper.class,
        GenericArticleScraper.class,
        ImageMetaScraper.class,
        ArticlePrinter.class,
        ArticleRepository.class
})
public class ScraperRunnerIntegrationTest {

    private final static Article EXPECTED_ARTICLE_1 = anArticle().withHeadline("headline1").build();
    private final static Article EXPECTED_ARTICLE_2 = anArticle().withHeadline("headline2").build();

    @Autowired
    private ScraperRunner scraperRunner;
    @Autowired
    private DeMorgenWebsiteScraper deMorgenWebsiteScraper;

    @Autowired
    private ArticleRepository articleRepository;

    @Test
    public void run() {
        scraperRunner.run(deMorgenWebsiteScraper);

        assertThat(articleRepository.findAll()).containsOnly(EXPECTED_ARTICLE_1, EXPECTED_ARTICLE_2);
    }

存储库：

import org.observer.media.model.Article;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Repository
public interface ArticleRepository extends JpaRepository<Article, Long> {

    List<Article> findAll();

    Article findByHash(String hash);

    Article findByHeadline(String headline);

    List<Article> findArticleByHeadlineAndCompanyName(String headline, String companyName);

    @Query("SELECT CASE WHEN COUNT(a) > 0 THEN true ELSE false END FROM Article a WHERE a.hash = :hash")
    boolean existsByHash(@Param("hash") String hash);
}

持久化配置类：

package org.observer.media.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories("org.observer.media.repository") 
public class PersistenceConfig {
}

Answer 1

您只需提供注释为 的@Configuration类@SpringBootTest。

我已经修改了这里的原始示例以使用@SpringBootTest注释。所以以下配置有效：

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("hello")
public class AppConfig {

}

注意@ComponentScan注释。然后在我的测试中：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes={AppConfig.class})
public class CustomerRepositoryTests {
     @Autowired
     private CustomerRepository customerRepository;
}

它确实发挥了作用。您可以尝试在您的示例中执行相同的操作。