Jos*_*ren 5 python tkinter exit python-3.x progress-bar
我之所以发布此消息，是因为我自己一直在努力寻找有关此问题的明确答案。。。
为了尝试为我的程序创建进度条，我发现使用tkinter很难做到。为了完成创建进度条而没有遇到可怕的“ mainloop”，我选择使用threads从进度条中制作一个类。经过大量的试验，发现一个错误，由于使用多线程（tkinter喜欢在主线程中），因此无法自定义很多内容。这是我尝试过的两个选项，其次是最适合我的需求的第三个选项：
给出以下代码：
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import threading
class ProgressbarApp(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, max_value: int):
self.max_value = max_value
self.root = None
self.pb = None
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.lock = threading.Lock() # (1)
self.lock.acquire() # (2)
self.start()
# (1) Makes sure progressbar is fully loaded before executing anything
with self.lock:
return
def close(self):
self.root.quit()
def run(self):
self.root = tk.Tk()
self.root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.__callback)
self.pb = ttk.Progressbar(self.root, orient='horizontal', length=400, mode='determinate')
self.pb['value'] = 0
self.pb['maximum'] = self.max_value
self.pb.pack()
self.lock.release() # (2) Will release lock when finished
self.root.mainloop()
def update(self, value: int):
self.pb['value'] = value
@staticmethod
def __callback():
return
if __name__ == '__main__':
interval = 100000
my_pb = ProgressbarApp(interval)
for i in range(interval):
my_pb.update(i)
my_pb.close()
# Other stuff goes on . . .
哪里
self.root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.__callback)
防止关闭窗口。但是，如果要按住“退出”或[X]按钮，则进度条将冻结，直到用户释放该按钮。（__callback函数不断被调用，以防止其他任务完成）。
给出以下代码：
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import threading
class ProgressbarApp(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, max_value: int):
self.max_value = max_value
self.root = None
self.pb = None
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.lock = threading.Lock() # (1)
self.lock.acquire() # (2)
self.start()
# (1) Makes sure progressbar is fully loaded before executing anything
with self.lock:
return
def close(self):
self.root.quit()
def run(self):
self.root = tk.Tk()
self.root.overrideredirect(True)
self.pb = ttk.Progressbar(self.root, orient='horizontal', length=400, mode='determinate')
self.pb['value'] = 0
self.pb['maximum'] = self.max_value
self.pb.pack()
self.lock.release() # (2) Will release lock when finished
self.root.mainloop()
def update(self, value: int):
self.pb['value'] = value
if __name__ == '__main__':
interval = 100000
my_pb = ProgressbarApp(interval)
for i in range(interval):
my_pb.update(i)
my_pb.close()
# Other stuff goes on . . .
哪里
self.root.overrideredirect(True)
清除所有tkinters窗口选项。但是，进度条不仅位于奇怪的位置，而且还会遮挡用户窗口。进度条应易于使用。
给出以下代码：
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
import threading
class ProgressbarApp(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, max_value: int):
self.max_value = max_value
self.root = None
self.pb = None
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.lock = threading.Lock() # (1)
self.lock.acquire() # (2)
self.start()
# (1) Makes sure progressbar is fully loaded before executing anything
with self.lock:
return
def close(self):
self.root.quit()
def run(self):
self.root = tk.Tk()
self.root.attributes('-disabled', True)
self.pb = ttk.Progressbar(self.root, orient='horizontal', length=400, mode='determinate')
self.pb['value'] = 0
self.pb['maximum'] = self.max_value
self.pb.pack()
self.lock.release() # (2) Will release lock when finished
self.root.mainloop()
def update(self, value: int):
self.pb['value'] = value
if __name__ == '__main__':
interval = 100000
my_pb = ProgressbarApp(interval)
for i in range(interval):
my_pb.update(i)
my_pb.close()
# Other stuff goes on . . .
哪里
self.root.attributes('-disabled', True)
防止用户与窗口进行任何交互。这最适合我对该程序的需求，因为它可以防止窗口关闭并且外观仍然很好。（我唯一的次要问题是用户无法再最小化进度条或将其移走）。
如果有更好的解决方案，我很乐意看到它们。希望这对某人有所帮助。
您可以创建一个仅用于pass不执行任何操作的函数。
看看下面的内容：
import tkinter as tk
root=tk.Tk()
def close_program():
root.destroy()
def disable_event():
pass
btn = tk.Button(root, text = "Click me to close", command = close_program)
btn.pack()
root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", disable_event)
root.mainloop()
您还可以将工具栏一起删除，root.overrideredirect(True)这将阻止用户使用任何工具栏。离开root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", disable_event)也会阻止使用ALT + F4。
import tkinter as tk
root=tk.Tk()
root.geometry("400x400")
root.overrideredirect(True)
def close_program():
root.destroy()
def disable_event():
pass
btn = tk.Button(root, text = "Click me to close", command = close_program)
btn.pack()
root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", disable_event)
root.mainloop()
在 Windows 上实现此目的的另一种方法：
#!python3
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
import threading, time
import tkinter as tk
from ctypes import windll, wintypes
GWL_STYLE = -16
WS_CHILD = 0x40000000
WS_SYSMENU = 0x00080000
SWP_FRAMECHANGED = 0x0020
SWP_NOACTIVATE = 0x0010
SWP_NOMOVE = 0x0002
SWP_NOSIZE = 0x0001
# write short names for functions and specify argument and return types
GetWindowLong = windll.user32.GetWindowLongW
GetWindowLong.restype = wintypes.ULONG
GetWindowLong.argtpes = (wintypes.HWND, wintypes.INT)
SetWindowLong = windll.user32.SetWindowLongW
SetWindowLong.restype = wintypes.ULONG
SetWindowLong.argtpes = (wintypes.HWND, wintypes.INT, wintypes.ULONG)
SetWindowPos = windll.user32.SetWindowPos
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
self.pb = ttk.Progressbar(self, orient="horizontal", length=400, mode="determinate", maximum=100)
self.pb.pack()
tk.Button(self, text="Remove buttons", command=self.remove_buttons).pack()
tk.Button(self, text="Add buttons", command=self.add_buttons).pack()
def start(self):
self.t = threading.Thread(target=self.loop)
self.t.start()
def loop(self):
while True:
for num in range(0, 100):
self.pb['value']=num
time.sleep(0.1)
def _get_hwnd(self):
w_id = self.winfo_id() # gets handle
style = GetWindowLong(w_id, GWL_STYLE) # get existing style
newstyle = style & ~WS_CHILD # remove child style
res = SetWindowLong(w_id, GWL_STYLE, newstyle) # set new style
res = SetWindowPos(w_id, 0, 0,0,0,0, SWP_FRAMECHANGED | SWP_NOACTIVATE | SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE)
hwnd = int(self.wm_frame(), 16) # find handle of parent
res = SetWindowLong(w_id, GWL_STYLE, style) # set back to old style
res = SetWindowPos(w_id, 0, 0,0,0,0, SWP_FRAMECHANGED | SWP_NOACTIVATE | SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE)
return hwnd # return parents handle
def remove_buttons(self):
hwnd = self._get_hwnd()
style = GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_STYLE) # get existing style
style = style & ~WS_SYSMENU
res = SetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_STYLE, style)
res = SetWindowPos(hwnd, 0, 0,0,0,0, SWP_FRAMECHANGED | SWP_NOACTIVATE | SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE)
def add_buttons(self):
hwnd = self._get_hwnd()
style = GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_STYLE) # get existing style
style = style | WS_SYSMENU
res = SetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_STYLE, style)
res = SetWindowPos(hwnd, 0, 0,0,0,0, SWP_FRAMECHANGED | SWP_NOACTIVATE | SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = App()
app.start()
app.mainloop()
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