Big*_*ach 76 android android-layout android-view android-constraintlayout
我需要帮助ConstraintSet.我的目标是在代码中更改视图的约束,但我无法弄清楚如何正确执行此操作.
我有4 TextView秒和1个ImageView.我需要为ImageView其中一个设置约束TextView.
check_answer4 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.check_answer4);
check_answer1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.check_answer1);
check_answer2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.check_answer2);
check_answer3 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.check_answer3);
correct_answer_icon = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.correct_answer_icon);
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如果第一个答案是正确的,我需要设置的限制ImageView,以
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="@+id/check_answer1"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/check_answer1"
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如果第二个答案是正确的,我需要设置的限制ImageView,以
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="@+id/check_answer2"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/check_answer2"
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等等.
小智 129
要将图像视图的约束设置为:
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="@+id/check_answer1"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/check_answer1"
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使用:
ConstraintSet constraintSet = new ConstraintSet();
constraintSet.clone(constraintLayout);
constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,R.id.check_answer1,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,0);
constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.TOP,R.id.check_answer1,ConstraintSet.TOP,0);
constraintSet.applyTo(constraintLayout);
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app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="@+id/check_answer2"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/check_answer2"
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使用:
ConstraintSet constraintSet = new ConstraintSet();
constraintSet.clone(constraintLayout);
constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,R.id.check_answer2,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,0);
constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.TOP,R.id.check_answer2,ConstraintSet.TOP,0);
constraintSet.applyTo(constraintLayout);
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假设我们想在运行时更改约束,使button1在单击时与button2对齐:
然后,有这个布局:
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:id="@+id/root"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Button 1"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/button3"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/button3"
app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/button3"
android:layout_marginStart="0dp"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
android:layout_marginEnd="0dp" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
android:text="Button 2"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.5" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
android:text="Button 3"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.223" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
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我们可以做以下事情:
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
button1.setOnClickListener {
val params = button1.layoutParams as ConstraintLayout.LayoutParams
params.leftToRight = button2.id
params.topToTop = button2.id
params.bottomToBottom = button2.id
button1.requestLayout()
}
}
Ast*_*liu 12
另一种方法是像这样更新视图的布局参数(不请求布局):
yourView.updateLayoutParams<ConstraintLayout.LayoutParams> {
startToEnd = otherView.id
topToTop = otherView.id
bottomToBottom = otherView.id
//add other constraints if needed
}
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我知道我的回答很晚了,但我确信它会对经常来这里的其他人有所帮助。这篇文章不是我的,但我做了一些更改,话虽如此,您应该尽力在此处查看完整的文章
在 Java 代码中使用约束集的关键是 ConstraintSet 类。此类包含一系列方法,用于执行诸如创建、配置约束以及将约束应用到 ConstraintLayout 实例等任务。此外,ConstraintLayout 实例的当前约束可以复制到 ConstraintSet 对象中,并用于将相同的约束应用于其他布局(无论有没有修改)。
ConstraintSet 实例的创建就像任何其他 Java 对象一样:
ConstraintSet set = new ConstraintSet();
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创建约束集后,可以在实例上调用方法来执行各种任务。以下代码配置一个约束集,其中 Button 视图的左侧以 70dp 的边距连接到 EditText 视图的右侧:
set.connect(button1.getId(), ConstraintSet.LEFT,
editText1.getId(), ConstraintSet.RIGHT, 70);
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将约束应用于布局 配置约束集后,必须将其应用于 ConstraintLayout 实例才能生效。通过调用 applyTo() 方法来应用约束集,并传递对要应用设置的布局对象的引用:
set.applyTo(myLayout);
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您可以使用 API 执行更多操作ConstraintSet,设置水平和垂直偏差、水平和垂直居中、操作链等等。
真的很好读。
再次强调,这只是一个改编。
Kof*_*fi 6
在 Kotlin 中,您可以简单地扩展ConstraintSet类并添加一些方法来利用 Kotlin 中的 dsl 并生成更具可读性的代码。像这样
class KotlinConstraintSet : ConstraintSet() {
companion object {
inline fun buildConstraintSet(block:KotlinConstraintSet.()->Unit) =
KotlinConstraintSet().apply(block)
}
//add this if you plan on using the margin param in ConstraintSet.connect
var margin: Int? = null
get() {
val result = field
margin = null //reset it to work with other constraints
return result
}
inline infix fun Unit.and(other: Int) = other // just to join two functions
inline infix fun Int.topToBottomOf(bottom: Int) =
margin?.let {
connect(this, TOP, bottom, BOTTOM, it)
} ?: connect(this, TOP, bottom, BOTTOM)
inline fun margin(margin: Int) {
this.margin = margin
}
inline infix fun Int.bottomToBottomOf(bottom: Int) =
margin?.let {
connect(this, BOTTOM, bottom, BOTTOM, it)
} ?: connect(this, BOTTOM, bottom, BOTTOM)
inline infix fun Int.topToTopOf(top: Int) =
margin?.let {
connect(this, TOP, top, TOP, it)
} ?: connect(this, TOP, top, TOP)
inline infix fun Int.startToEndOf(end: Int) =
margin?.let {
connect(this, START, end, END, it)
} ?: connect(this, START, end, END)
...
//TODO generate other functions depending on your needs
infix fun Int.clear(constraint: Constraints) =
when (constraint) {
Constraints.TOP -> clear(this, TOP)
Constraints.BOTTOM -> clear(this, BOTTOM)
Constraints.END -> clear(this, END)
Constraints.START -> clear(this, START)
}
//inline infix fun clearTopCon
inline infix fun appliesTo(constraintLayout: ConstraintLayout) =
applyTo(constraintLayout)
inline infix fun clones(constraintLayout: ConstraintLayout) =
clone(constraintLayout)
inline fun constraint(view: Int, block: Int.() -> Unit) =
view.apply(block)
}
enum class Constraints {
TOP, BOTTOM, START, END //you could add other values to use with the clear fun like LEFT
}
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并像这样使用它
buildConstraintSet {
this clones yourConstraintLayout
constraint(R.id.view1) {
margin(value:Int) and this topToBottomOf R.id.view2
margin(30) and this bottomToBottomOf ConstraintSet.PARENT_ID
}
constraint(R.id.view2) {
this clear Constraints.BOTTOM
margin(0) and this topToTopOf R.id.topGuide
}
constraint(R.id.view4) {
this topToTopOf R.id.view2
this bottomToBottomOf R.id.view3
this startToEndOf R.id.view2
}
//or you could simply do
R.id.view1 startToEndOf R.view2
R.id.view1 toptToBottomOf R.view3
R.id.view3 bottomtToBottomOf R.view2
R.id.view3 clear Constraints.END
// and finally call applyTo()
this appliesTo yourConstraintLayout
}
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除了azizbekian 的回答,让我指出两件事:
params.startToEnd = button2.id
params.startToEnd = ConstraintLayout.LayoutParams.UNSET
您可以在ConstraintLayoutwithConstraintSet或ConstraintLayout.LayoutParams属性中创建约束。
我创建了一个ConstraintSetkotlin 扩展以方便使用。这既简单又健壮。
applyConstraint {
centerHorizontallyParent(imageView)
centerHorizontallyParent(textView)
topToParent(imageView, px(12))
topToBottom(textView, imageView, px(4))
}
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fun ConstraintLayout.applyConstraint(block: ConstraintSet.() -> Unit) {
ConstraintSet().apply {
clone(this@applyConstraint)
block(this)
}.applyTo(this)
}
fun ConstraintSet.centerParent(v1: View) {
centerHorizontallyParent(v1)
centerVerticallyParent(v1)
}
fun ConstraintSet.centerHorizontallyParent(v1: View) {
centerHorizontally(v1.id, PARENT_ID)
}
fun ConstraintSet.centerVerticallyParent(v1: View) {
centerVertically(v1.id, PARENT_ID)
}
fun ConstraintSet.topToTop(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, TOP, v2.id, TOP, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.topToParent(v1: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, TOP, PARENT_ID, TOP, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.bottomToBottom(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, BOTTOM, v2.id, BOTTOM, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.bottomToParent(v1: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, BOTTOM, PARENT_ID, BOTTOM, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.topToBottom(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, TOP, v2.id, BOTTOM, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.bottomToTop(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, BOTTOM, v2.id, TOP, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.startToStart(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, START, v2.id, START, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.startToParent(v1: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, START, PARENT_ID, START, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.endToEnd(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, END, v2.id, END, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.endToParent(v1: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, END, PARENT_ID, END, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.startToEnd(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, START, v2.id, END, margin)
}
fun ConstraintSet.endToStart(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
connect(v1.id, END, v2.id, START, margin)
}
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