r tidycensus 下载所有区块组

Question

我希望使用 tidycensus 包自动化从美国的所有区块组下载人口普查数据的过程。开发人员提供了下载美国境内所有区块的说明，但是，无法使用相同的方法访问块组。

这是我当前不起作用的代码

library(tidyverse)
library(tidycensus)
census_api_key("key here")

# create lists of state and county codes

data("fips_codes")
temp <- data.frame(state = as.character(fips_codes$state_code),
                   county = fips_codes$county_code,
                   stringsAsFactors = F)
temp <- aggregate(county~state, temp, c)
state <- temp$state
coun <- temp$county

# use map2_df to loop through the files, similar to the "tract" data pull

home <- map2_df(state, coun, function(x,y) {
get_acs(geography = "block group", variables = "B25038_001", #random var
state = x,county = y)
  })

由此产生的错误是

No encoding supplied: defaulting to UTF-8.
Error: parse error: premature EOF

                     (right here) ------^

将每个州内的县转换为列表的类似方法也不起作用

temp <- aggregate(county~state, temp, c)
state <- temp$state
coun <- temp$county

df<- map2_df(state, coun, function(x,y) {
    get_acs(geography = "block group", variables = "B25038_001", 
            state = x,county = y)
  })

Error: Result 1 is not a length 1 atomic vector 被退回。

有没有人了解如何完成？我很可能没有正确使用函数或语法，而且我也不太擅长循环。任何帮助，将不胜感激。

Answer 1

解决方案由tidycensus（Kyle Walker）作者提供，如下：

不幸的是，这暂时不起作用。如果它确实有效，您的代码将需要在由评估的函数中识别每个州内的县map_df，然后将数据集逐县和逐州拼接在一起。问题是区块组数据仅按县提供，因此您需要依次遍历美国所有 3000 多个县。如果它确实有效，成功的调用将如下所示：

library(tigris)
library(tidyverse)
library(tidycensus)
library(sf)

ctys <- counties(cb = TRUE)

state_codes <- unique(fips_codes$state_code)[1:51]

bgs <- map_df(state_codes, function(state_code) {
  state <- filter(ctys, STATEFP == state_code)
  county_codes <- state$COUNTYFP
  get_acs(geography = "block group", variables = "B25038_001",
          state = state_code, county = county_codes)
})

问题是，虽然我有内部逻辑来允许多州呼叫或一个州内的多县呼叫，但 tidycensus 还不能同时处理多州和多县呼叫。

Answer 2

尝试这个包：totalcensushttps : //github.com/GL-Li/totalcensus。它将人口普查数据文件下载到您自己的计算机，并从这些文件中提取任何数据。设置文件夹和路径后，如果您想要 2015 ACS 5 年调查中的所有块组数据，请运行以下代码。

library(totalcensus)

# download the 2015 ACS 5-year survey data, which is about 50 GB.
download_census("acs5year", 2015)

# read block group data of variable B25038_001 from all states plus DC
block_groups <- read_acs5year(
    year = 2015,
    states = states_DC,
    table_contents = "B25038_001",
    summary_level = "block group"
)

提取所有状态和DC的217739个块组的数据：

    #                       GEOID       lon      lat state population B25038_001 GEOCOMP SUMLEV                                                              NAME
    #      1: 15000US020130001001 -164.1232 54.80448    AK        982         91     all    150     Block Group 1, Census Tract 1, Aleutians East Borough, Alaska
    #      2: 15000US020130001002 -161.1786 55.60224    AK       1116        247     all    150     Block Group 2, Census Tract 1, Aleutians East Borough, Alaska
    #      3: 15000US020130001003 -160.0655 55.13399    AK       1206        352     all    150     Block Group 3, Census Tract 1, Aleutians East Borough, Alaska
    #      4: 15000US020160001001  178.3388 51.95945    AK       1065        264     all    150 Block Group 1, Census Tract 1, Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska
    #      5: 15000US020160002001 -166.8899 53.85881    AK       2038        380     all    150 Block Group 1, Census Tract 2, Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska
    # ---                                                                                                                                                    
    # 217735: 15000US560459511001 -104.7889 43.99520    WY       1392        651     all    150          Block Group 1, Census Tract 9511, Weston County, Wyoming
    # 217736: 15000US560459511002 -104.4785 43.76853    WY       2050        742     all    150          Block Group 2, Census Tract 9511, Weston County, Wyoming
    # 217737: 15000US560459513001 -104.2575 43.88160    WY       1291        520     all    150          Block Group 1, Census Tract 9513, Weston County, Wyoming
    # 217738: 15000US560459513002 -104.1807 43.85406    WY       1046        526     all    150          Block Group 2, Census Tract 9513, Weston County, Wyoming
    # 217739: 15000US560459513003 -104.2601 43.84355    WY       1373        547     all    150          Block Group 3, Census Tract 9513, Weston County, Wyoming