服务主体：Set-AzureRmKeyVaultAccessPolicy：特权不足，无法完成操作

Question

服务主体：Set-AzureRmKeyVaultAccessPolicy：特权不足，无法完成操作

Ton*_*ony 6 azure azure-powershell azure-resource-manager

发布更新。问题已解决。下面的脚本将创建资源组，创建服务主体，部署密钥保管库，配置权限并向保管库写入机密。希望对您有所帮助！:)

问题： 我以对资源组具有所有者权限的服务主体身份登录到PowerShell。当我尝试创建文件库，在文件库上设置权限以及尝试编写机密时，出现权限错误。

解决方案： 步骤1：创建资源组和服务主体。您必须以管理员身份登录才能执行此脚本

Clear-Host
Import-Module Azure
Import-Module AzureRM.Resources

Add-AzureRmAccount
Get-AzureRmSubscription
Set-AzureRmContext -SubscriptionId <Your subscription id goes here>

$ServicePrincipalDisplayName = "myServicePrincipalName"
$CertificateName = "CN=SomeCertName" 

$cert = New-SelfSignedCertificate -CertStoreLocation "cert:\CurrentUser\My" -Subject $CertificateName -KeySpec KeyExchange
$keyValue = [Convert]::ToBase64String($cert.GetRawCertData())

$ResouceGroupName = "myRessourceGroup"
$location = "North Central US"

# Create the resource group
New-AzureRmResourceGroup -Name $ResouceGroupName -Location $location

$ResouceGroupNameScope = (Get-AzureRmResourceGroup -Name $ResouceGroupName -ErrorAction Stop).ResourceId

# Create the Service Principal that logs in with a certificate
New-AzureRMADServicePrincipal -DisplayName $ServicePrincipalDisplayName -CertValue $keyValue -EndDate $cert.NotAfter -StartDate $cert.NotBefore

$myServicePrincipal = Get-AzureRmADServicePrincipal -SearchString $ServicePrincipalDisplayName
Write-Host "myServicePrincipal.ApplicationId " $myServicePrincipal.ApplicationId -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host "myServicePrincipal.DisplayName " $myServicePrincipal.DisplayName

# Sleep here for a few seconds to allow the service principal application to become active (should only take a couple of seconds normally)
Write-Host "Waiting 10 seconds"
Start-Sleep -s 10

Write-Host "Make the Service Principal owner of the resource group " $ResouceGroupName

$NewRole = $null
$Retries = 0
 While ($NewRole -eq $null -and $Retries -le 6)
 {  
    New-AzureRMRoleAssignment -RoleDefinitionName Owner -ServicePrincipalName $myServicePrincipal.ApplicationId  -Scope $ResouceGroupNameScope -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue    
    $NewRole = Get-AzureRMRoleAssignment -ServicePrincipalName $myServicePrincipal.ApplicationId
    Write-Host "NewRole.DisplayName " $NewRole.DisplayName
    Write-Host "NewRole.Scope: " $NewRole.Scope
    $Retries++

    Start-Sleep -s 10
 }

Write-Host "Service principal created" -ForegroundColor Green

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步骤2：库的ARM部署。创建一个带文件名的keyvault2.parameters.json更新ID以反映您的安装（5479eaf6-31a3-4be3-9fb6-c2cdadc31735是Azure Web应用程序在访问保管库时使用的服务主体。）

{
    "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2015-01-01/deploymentParameters.json#",
    "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "vaultName": {
      "value": "valueFromParameterFile"
    },
    "vaultlocation": {
      "value": "valueFromParameterFile"
    },
    "skumode": {
      "value": "Standard"
    },
    "accessPolicyList": {
      "value": [
        {
          "objectId": "The object ID for your AAD user goes here so that you can read secrets etc",
          "tenantId": "Your Tenant Id goes here",
          "permissions": {
            "keys": [
              "Get",
              "List"
            ],
            "secrets": [
              "Get",
              "List"
            ],
            "certificates": [
              "Get",
              "List"
            ]
          }
        },
        {
          "objectId": "The object ID for the service principal goes here Get-AzureRmADServicePrincipal -ServicePrincipalName <Service Principal Application ID>",
          "tenantId": "Your Tenant Id goes here",
          "permissions": {
            "keys": [
              "Get",
              "List",
              "Update",
              "Create",
              "Import",
              "Delete",
              "Recover",
              "Backup",
              "Restore"
            ],
            "secrets": [
              "Get",
              "List",
              "Set",
              "Delete",
              "Recover",
              "Backup",
              "Restore"
            ],
            "certificates": [
              "Get",
              "List",
              "Update",
              "Create",
              "Import",
              "Delete",
              "ManageContacts",
              "ManageIssuers",
              "GetIssuers",
              "ListIssuers",
              "SetIssuers",
              "DeleteIssuers"
            ]
          },
          "applicationId": null
        },
        {
        "objectId": "5479eaf6-31a3-4be3-9fb6-c2cdadc31735",
        "tenantId": "Your Tenant Id goes here",
        "permissions": {
            "keys": [],
            "secrets": [
                "Get"
            ],
            "certificates": []
        },
        "applicationId": null
    }
      ]
    },
    "tenant": {
      "value": "Your Tenant Id goes here"
    },
    "isenabledForDeployment": {
      "value": true
    },
    "isenabledForTemplateDeployment": {
      "value": false
    },
    "isenabledForDiskEncryption": {
      "value": false
    }
  }
}

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步骤3：库的ARM部署。创建一个文件名的keyvault2.template.json

{
    "$schema": "http://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2014-04-01-preview/deploymentTemplate.json#",
    "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "parameters": {
    "vaultName": {
      "type": "string"
    },
    "vaultlocation": {
      "type": "string"
    },
    "skumode": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "Standard",
      "allowedValues": [
        "Standard",
        "standard",
        "Premium",
        "premium"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "description": "SKU for the vault"
      }
    },
    "accessPolicyList": {
      "type": "array",
      "defaultValue": [],
      "metadata": {
        "description": "The access policies defined for this vault."
      }
    },
    "tenant": {
      "type": "string"
    },
    "isenabledForDeployment": {
      "type": "bool"
    },
    "isenabledForTemplateDeployment": {
      "type": "bool"
    },
    "isenabledForDiskEncryption": {
      "type": "bool"
    }
  },
    "resources": [
      {
        "apiVersion": "2015-06-01",
        "name": "[parameters('vaultName')]",
        "location": "[parameters('vaultlocation')]",
        "type": "Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults",
        "properties": {
          "enabledForDeployment": "[parameters('isenabledForDeployment')]",
          "enabledForTemplateDeployment": "[parameters('isenabledForTemplateDeployment')]",
          "enabledForDiskEncryption": "[parameters('isenabledForDiskEncryption')]",
          "accessPolicies": "[parameters('accessPolicyList')]",
          "tenantId": "[parameters('tenant')]",
          "sku": {
            "name": "[parameters('skumode')]",
            "family": "A"
          }
        }
      }
    ]
}

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步骤4：部署保管库。启动一个新的powershell窗口并执行此脚本。更新3个ID

Clear-Host

Import-Module Azure
Import-Module AzureRM.Resources    

$ServicePrincipalApplicationId = "xxx"
$TenantId = "yyy"
$SubscriptionId = "zzz"
$CertificateName = "CN=SomeCertName"
$ResouceGroupName = "myRessourceGroup"
$location = "North Central US"
$VaultName = "MyVault" + (Get-Random -minimum 10000000 -maximum 1000000000)
$MySecret = ConvertTo-SecureString -String "MyValue" -AsPlainText -Force

$Cert = Get-ChildItem cert:\CurrentUser\My\ | Where-Object {$_.Subject -match $CertificateName }
Write-Host "cert.Thumbprint " $cert.Thumbprint
Write-Host "cert.Subject " $cert.Subject

Add-AzureRmAccount -ServicePrincipal -CertificateThumbprint $cert.Thumbprint -ApplicationId $ServicePrincipalApplicationId -TenantId $TenantId
Get-AzureRmSubscription
Set-AzureRmContext -SubscriptionId $SubscriptionId

Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Creating vault" -ForegroundColor Yellow

New-AzureRmResourceGroupDeployment -ResourceGroupName $ResouceGroupName -vaultName $vaultName -vaultlocation $location -isenabledForDeployment $true -TemplateFile ".\keyvault2.template.json"  -TemplateParameterFile ".\keyvault2.parameters.json"

Write-Host ""
Write-Host "Key Vault " $vaultName " deployed" -ForegroundColor green

Write-Host "Wait 5 seconds"
Start-Sleep -Seconds 5

Write-Host "Write Secret" -ForegroundColor Yellow    
Set-AzureKeyVaultSecret -VaultName $VaultName -Name "MyKey" -SecretValue $MySecret

Write-Host "Wait 10 seconds"
Start-Sleep -Seconds 10

Write-Host "Read secret"
Get-AzureKeyVaultSecret -VaultName $VaultName -Name "MyKey"

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Answer 1

Ale*_*sar 5

Set-AzureRmKeyVaultAccessPolicy -VaultName $name -ObjectId $oId -PermissionsToSecrets get
返回错误
Set-AzureRmKeyVaultAccessPolicy : Insufficient privileges to complete the operation.

解决方案是添加其他参数 -BypassObjectIdValidation

Set-AzureRmKeyVaultAccessPolicy -BypassObjectIdValidation -VaultName $name -ObjectId $oId -PermissionsToSecrets get

解决方案看起来像黑客，但对我有用。此后，具有$ oId的对象就可以访问keyVault。（用于检查访问警察使用Get-AzureRmKeyVault -VaultName $vaultName）

Answer 2

Ton*_*ony 3

解决方案是将权限的配置移至 ARM 模板，而不是尝试使用 PowerShell 来完成此操作。一旦我这样做了，所有权限问题都得到了解决。

在 ARM 模板中，我为服务主体指定的对象 ID 是错误的。它认为它是您可以在应用程序注册下的门户中找到的对象 ID，但不是，它实际上是它想要的 Azure AD 应用程序的服务主体的对象 ID。

即使您使用了错误的 ID，并且所有内容都配置得过于正确，它也可以让您很好地部署 ARM 模板，直到您开始想知道为什么您的服务主体的图标与其他用户相比看起来有所不同。当然，如果您像我一样只有一个用户，那么您直到很久以后才会注意到这一点......

错误的 ID（此图标不同）：

正确ID：

这篇文章给了我最终的解决方案。

以编程方式创建 Azure KeyVault 机密时，如何修复“不允许操作‘设置’”错误？

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