nginx使用OR设置在正则表达式中为地图

Question

我正在为我的网站写一张地图,它的效果非常好:

map $request_uri $redirect_uri {
  /en/oldname    /en/newname;
  /de/oldname    /de/newname;
  /fr/oldname    /fr/newname;
}

直到我尝试实现一些正则表达式,如下所示:

map $request_uri $redirect_uri {
  /(?<lang>(en|de|fr))/oldname    /$lang/newname;
}

上面的地图不起作用,由于缺乏调试知识 - 我无法知道原因.即使是基本的正则表达式(不使用命名捕获)也不适用于我:

map $request_uri $redirect_uri {
  /(en|de|fr)/oldname    /en/newname;
}

nginx 1.10.3

请帮我弄清楚我做错了什么？

Answer 1

迈克,您应该使用"〜"符号来表示正则表达式.

请看这里的模块ngx_http_map_module

正则表达式应该从"〜"符号开始,用于区分大小写的匹配,或者从"〜*"符号(1.0.4)开始,用于不区分大小写的匹配.正则表达式可以包含命名和位置捕获,以后可以在其他指令中使用结果变量.

正确的配置应该是:

map $request_uri $redirect_uri {
  ~/(?<lang>(en|de|fr))/oldname    /$lang/newname;
}

祝好运!

2017.07.13编辑

以下是基于默认配置的完整配置(echo指令由nginx-echo-module提供)

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
    map $request_uri $redirect_uri {
      ~/(?<lang>(en|de|fr))/oldname    /$lang/newname;
    }

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            echo $redirect_uri;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

这是我的测试用例:

yxr nginx # curl localhost/en/oldname
/en/newname
yxr nginx # curl localhost/de/oldname
/de/newname
yxr nginx # curl localhost/fr/oldname
/fr/newname
yxr nginx # curl localhost/cn/oldname

yxr nginx #

2017.07.14编辑

正如@Mike指出的那样,这至少需要nginx/1.11.0.