Win32:如何使用CreateWindowExW()函数创建ListBox控件？

Question

我经历过多个网站,文档和教程,他们都说相同的,那就是,任何控制只不过是一个窗口,更在Win32中的API,因此,一个能够使用的CreateWindowExW()功能来创建一个ListBox在主控制/窗口应用程序窗口

虽然我得到所有控件的概念都是具有不同dwStyle的窗口,但我很难找到如何实例化ListBox控件.

我遇到了一个教程,其中编写了一个对话框LISTBOX,其声明中的指定如下:

// resource.h
#define IDD_MAIN                        101
#define IDC_TEXT                        1000
#define IDC_NUMBER                      1001
#define IDC_LIST                        1002
#define IDC_ADD                         1003
#define IDC_CLEAR                       1004
#define IDC_REMOVE                      1005
#define IDC_SHOWCOUNT                   1006

// .rc resource file
IDD_MAIN DIALOG DISCARDABLE  0, 0, 207, 156
    STYLE DS_MODALFRAME | DS_CENTER | WS_POPUP | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU
    CAPTION "Controls One"
    FONT 8, "MS Sans Serif"
BEGIN
    LTEXT           "Add",IDC_STATIC,7,10,14,8
    EDITTEXT        IDC_TEXT,25,7,120,14,ES_AUTOHSCROLL
    EDITTEXT        IDC_NUMBER,150,7,21,14,ES_NUMBER
    LTEXT           "times.",IDC_STATIC,177,10,23,8
    LISTBOX         IDC_LIST,7,25,138,106,LBS_NOINTEGRALHEIGHT | 
                    LBS_EXTENDEDSEL | WS_VSCROLL | WS_TABSTOP
    PUSHBUTTON      "&Add",IDC_ADD,150,30,50,14
    PUSHBUTTON      "&Remove",IDC_REMOVE,150,47,50,14
    PUSHBUTTON      "&Clear",IDC_CLEAR,150,63,50,14
    LTEXT           "This item was added",IDC_STATIC,7,141,66,8
    CTEXT           "-",IDC_SHOWCOUNT,77,141,32,8
    LTEXT           "times",IDC_STATIC,114,141,17,8
END

并在他的C程序中使用它如下:

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {
    return DialogBox(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_MAIN), NULL, DlgProc);
}

现在,我能够做到并完全理解这些概念.除此之外,我希望能够创建和设计我的主应用程序窗口以添加ListBox控件.本教程示例不使用该CreateWindowExW()函数来创建控件,而是创建一个实际上是主应用程序窗口的对话框.

1 - 关于如何ListBox在代码中向主窗口添加控件的任何线索？

我想在处理WM_CREATE消息时创建它.

2 - 这是个好主意吗？

3 - 在这种情况下,最佳做法/方法是什么？

Answer 1

要在Win32中动态创建控件,您需要以下代码:

HWND hBtn
    , hLabel
    , hListbox
    , hTextBox;

void InitializeComponent(HWND hWnd) {
    HINSTANCE hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);

    // Adding a Button.
    hBtn = CreateWindowExW(WS_EX_APPWINDOW
        , L"BUTTON", NULL
        , WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE
        , 327, 7, 70, 21
        , hWnd, NULL, hInstance, NULL);        

    SetWindowTextW(hBtn, L"&Button");

    // Adding a Label.
    hLabel = CreateWindowExW(WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE
        , L"STATIC", NULL
        , WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE
        , 7, 7, 50, 21
        , hWnd, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

    SetWindowTextW(hLabel, L"Label:");

    // Adding a ListBox.
    hListBox = CreateWindowExW(WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE
        , L"LISTBOX", NULL
        , WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_VSCROLL | ES_AUTOVSCROLL
        , 7, 35, 300, 200
        , hWnd, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

    // Adding a TextBox.
    hTextBox = CreateWindowExW(WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE
        , L"EDIT", NULL
        , WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_AUTOVSCROLL
        , 62, 7, 245, 21
        , hWnd, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

    SetWindowTextW(hTextBox, L"Input text here...");
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) {
    switch (Msg) {
        case WM_CREATE:
            InitializeComponent(hWnd);
            break;            
        default:
            return DefWindowProcW(hWnd, Msg, wParam, lParam);
    }
}

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd) {
    // Declaring, defining, registering and creating window here...
    // Note that each Window/Control has to have its own Message handling function.
}