如何使用Console.WriteLine在列中对齐文本？

Question

我有一种列显示,但最后两列似乎没有正确对齐.这是我目前的代码:

Console.WriteLine("Customer name    " 
    + "sales          " 
    + "fee to be paid    " 
    + "70% value       " 
    + "30% value");
for (int DisplayPos = 0; DisplayPos < LineNum; DisplayPos = DisplayPos + 1)
{
    seventy_percent_value = ((fee_payable[DisplayPos] / 10.0) * 7);
    thirty_percent_value = ((fee_payable[DisplayPos] / 10.0) * 3);          
    Console.WriteLine(customer[DisplayPos] + "         " 
        + sales_figures[DisplayPos] + "               " 
        + fee_payable[DisplayPos] + "           " 
        + seventy_percent_value + "           " 
        + thirty_percent_value);
}

我是新手程序员,所以我可能不理解给出的所有建议,但如果您有任何建议,我将不胜感激!

Answer 1

试试这个

Console.WriteLine("{0,10}{1,10}{2,10}{3,10}{4,10}",
  customer[DisplayPos],
  sales_figures[DisplayPos],
  fee_payable[DisplayPos], 
  seventy_percent_value,
  thirty_percent_value);

大括号内的第一个数字是索引,第二个是对齐.第二个数字的符号表示字符串是左对齐还是右对齐.使用负数进行左对齐.

或者查看 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa331875(v=vs.71).aspx

Answer 2

只是为了添加roya的答案.在c#6.0中,您现在可以使用字符串插值:

Console.WriteLine($"{customer[DisplayPos],10}" +
                  $"{salesFigures[DisplayPos],10}" +
                  $"{feePayable[DisplayPos],10}" +
                  $"{seventyPercentValue,10}" +
                  $"{thirtyPercentValue,10}");

这实际上可以是没有所有额外资金的一行,我只是认为这样可以更容易阅读.

您还可以在System.Console上使用静态导入,允许您执行以下操作:

using static System.Console;

WriteLine(/* write stuff */);

Answer 3

您应该将实际标签(\t转义序列)嵌入到每个输出字符串中,而不是尝试将文本手动对齐到具有任意空格字符串的列中:

Console.WriteLine("Customer name" + "\t"
    + "sales" + "\t" 
    + "fee to be paid" + "\t" 
    + "70% value" + "\t" 
    + "30% value");
for (int DisplayPos = 0; DisplayPos < LineNum; DisplayPos++)
{
    seventy_percent_value = ((fee_payable[DisplayPos] / 10.0) * 7);
    thirty_percent_value = ((fee_payable[DisplayPos] / 10.0) * 3);          
    Console.WriteLine(customer[DisplayPos] + "\t" 
        + sales_figures[DisplayPos] + "\t" 
        + fee_payable + "\t\t"
        + seventy_percent_value + "\t\t" 
        + thirty_percent_value);
}

Answer 4

我知道,非常老的线程,但是当有更长的字符串时,建议的解决方案并不是完全自动的.

因此,我创建了一个小辅助方法,它完全自动化.只需传入一个字符串数组列表,其中每个数组代表一行和数组中的每个元素,以及该行的元素.

该方法可以这样使用:

var lines = new List<string[]>();
lines.Add(new[] { "What", "Before", "After"});
lines.Add(new[] { "Name:", name1, name2});
lines.Add(new[] { "City:", city1, city2});
lines.Add(new[] { "Zip:", zip1, zip2});
lines.Add(new[] { "Street:", street1, street2});
var output = ConsoleUtility.PadElementsInLines(lines, 3);

辅助方法如下:

public static class ConsoleUtility
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Converts a List of string arrays to a string where each element in each line is correctly padded.
    /// Make sure that each array contains the same amount of elements!
    /// - Example without:
    /// Title Name Street
    /// Mr. Roman Sesamstreet
    /// Mrs. Claudia Abbey Road
    /// - Example with:
    /// Title   Name      Street
    /// Mr.     Roman     Sesamstreet
    /// Mrs.    Claudia   Abbey Road
    /// <param name="lines">List lines, where each line is an array of elements for that line.</param>
    /// <param name="padding">Additional padding between each element (default = 1)</param>
    /// </summary>
    public static string PadElementsInLines(List<string[]> lines, int padding = 1)
    {
        // Calculate maximum numbers for each element accross all lines
        var numElements = lines[0].Length;
        var maxValues = new int[numElements];
        for (int i = 0; i < numElements; i++)
        {
            maxValues[i] = lines.Max(x => x[i].Length) + padding;
        }
        var sb = new StringBuilder();
        // Build the output
        bool isFirst = true;
        foreach (var line in lines)
        {
            if (!isFirst)
            {
                sb.AppendLine();
            }
            isFirst = false;
            for (int i = 0; i < line.Length; i++)
            {
                var value = line[i];
                // Append the value with padding of the maximum length of any value for this element
                sb.Append(value.PadRight(maxValues[i]));
            }
        }
        return sb.ToString();
    }
}

希望这有助于某人.来源是我博客上的帖子:http://dev.flauschig.ch/wordpress/？p = 387