处理 Win32::API 返回的宽字符值

Fre*_*doz 5 perl winapi

宽字符和 win32::api 中提供的答案适用于utf-16传递给 Win API。但是如何转换Win API返回的utf16 字符串?(我正在尝试使用GetCommandLineW)。

我已经尝试了这两种方法Unicode::StringEncode::decode但都没有成功。我猜也许数据需要先打包或解包,但是如何呢?

之后,下一个问题是如何处理像CommandLineToArgvW.

谢谢你的帮助。

ike*_*ami 6

当您指定返回值是字符串时,Win32::API 假定它以值为 0 的字节终止,但具有该值的字节在 UTF-16le 文本中很常见。

正如 Win32::API 建议的那样,您应该使用N类型(或Q在 64 位版本上)将指针作为数字获取,然后自己读取指向的内存。Win32::API 提供ReadMemory了读取内存的功能,但它需要知道要读取多少内存。这对 NUL 终止的字符串和宽 NUL 终止的字符串没有用。

对于宽以 NUL 结尾的字符串,Win32::API 提供了SafeReadWideCString. 但是SafeReadWideCString可以返回一个与错误输入无关的字符串,所以我用我自己的decode_LPCWSTR代替。

use strict;
use warnings;
use feature qw( say state );

use open ':std', ':encoding('.do { require Win32; "cp".Win32::GetConsoleOutputCP() }.')';

use Config     qw( %Config );
use Encode     qw( decode encode );
use Win32::API qw( ReadMemory );

use constant PTR_SIZE => $Config{ptrsize};

use constant PTR_PACK_FORMAT =>
     PTR_SIZE == 8 ? 'Q'
   : PTR_SIZE == 4 ? 'L'
   : die("Unrecognized ptrsize\n");

use constant PTR_WIN32API_TYPE =>
     PTR_SIZE == 8 ? 'Q'
   : PTR_SIZE == 4 ? 'N'
   : die("Unrecognized ptrsize\n");

    
sub lstrlenW {
   my ($ptr) = @_;

   state $lstrlenW = Win32::API->new('kernel32', 'lstrlenW', PTR_WIN32API_TYPE, 'i')
      or die($^E);

   return $lstrlenW->Call($ptr);
}


sub decode_LPCWSTR {
   my ($ptr) = @_;
   return undef if !$ptr;

   my $num_chars = lstrlenW($ptr)
      or return '';

   return decode('UTF-16le', ReadMemory($ptr, $num_chars * 2));
}


# Returns true on success. Returns false and sets $^E on error.
sub LocalFree {
   my ($ptr) = @_;

   state $LocalFree = Win32::API->new('kernel32', 'LocalFree', PTR_WIN32API_TYPE, PTR_WIN32API_TYPE)
      or die($^E);

   return $LocalFree->Call($ptr) == 0;
}


sub GetCommandLine {
   state $GetCommandLine = Win32::API->new('kernel32', 'GetCommandLineW', '', PTR_WIN32API_TYPE)
      or die($^E);

   return decode_LPCWSTR($GetCommandLine->Call());
}


# Returns a reference to an array on success. Returns undef and sets $^E on error.
sub CommandLineToArgv {
   my ($cmd_line) = @_;

   state $CommandLineToArgv = Win32::API->new('shell32', 'CommandLineToArgvW', 'PP', PTR_WIN32API_TYPE)
      or die($^E);

   my $cmd_line_encoded = encode('UTF-16le', $cmd_line."\0");
   my $num_args_buf = pack('i', 0);  # Allocate space for an "int".

   my $arg_ptrs_ptr = $CommandLineToArgv->Call($cmd_line_encoded, $num_args_buf)
      or return undef;

   my $num_args = unpack('i', $num_args_buf);
   my @args =
      map { decode_LPCWSTR($_) }
         unpack PTR_PACK_FORMAT.'*',
            ReadMemory($arg_ptrs_ptr, PTR_SIZE * $num_args);

   LocalFree($arg_ptrs_ptr);
   return \@args;
}


{
   my $cmd_line = GetCommandLine();

   say $cmd_line;

   my $args = CommandLineToArgv($cmd_line)
      or die("CommandLineToArgv: $^E\n");

   for my $arg (@$args) {
      say "<$arg>";
   }
}
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