Flutter中RelativeLayout的等价物

Question

有没有办法实现与RelativeLayoutAndroid上类似的东西？

特别是我在寻找类似的东西来centerInParent,layout_below:<layout_id>,layout_above:<layout_id>,和alignParentLeft

有关RelativeLayout的更多参考:https://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.html

编辑:这是一个依赖布局的例子 RelativeLayout

所以在上面的图片中,"豆腐的歌曲"文字在centerInParent里面对齐RelativeLayout.而另外2个是alignParentLeft和alignParentRight

在火图标所在的每个单元格上,其底部的喜欢数量围绕火焰图标的中心对齐.此外,每个单元格上的顶部和底部标题分别与图像化身的右侧和顶部和底部对齐.

Answer 1

扑布局正在使用的树通常建立Column,Row和Stack小部件.这些部件采取的孩子是如何相对于布局父指定规则构造函数的参数,你也可以通过在包装他们影响个别儿童的布局Expanded,Flexible,Positioned,Align,或Center部件.

也可以使用构建复杂的布局CustomMultiChildLayout.这是Scaffold在内部实现的方式,并在Shrine演示中显示如何在应用程序中使用它的示例.您还可以使用LayoutBuilder或CustomPaint,或向下移动图层并进行扩展RenderObject,如扇区示例所示.像这样手动进行布局是更多工作,并且在极端情况下产生更多错误的可能性,所以如果可以的话,我会尝试使用高级布局基元.

回答您的具体问题:

• 使用leading和trailing参数来AppBar定位应用栏元素.如果你想使用一个Row替代,使用mainAxisAlignment的MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween.
• 使用Row具有crossAxisAlignment的CrossAxisAlignment.center到下定位消防图标和数量.
• 使用Column带mainAxisAlignment的MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween定位你的顶部和底部的称号.(您应该考虑使用ListTile布局列表切片,但如果您这样做,您将失去对确切定位的控制.)

这是一个实现您提供的设计的代码片段.在这个例子中,我使用a IntrinsicHeight来确定歌曲块的高度,但是你可以通过将它们硬编码到固定高度来提高性能.

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(new MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return new MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      theme: new ThemeData(
        brightness: Brightness.dark,
        primaryColorBrightness: Brightness.dark,
      ),
      home: new HomeScreen(),
      debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,
    );
  }
}

class Song extends StatelessWidget {
  const Song({ this.title, this.author, this.likes });

  final String title;
  final String author;
  final int likes;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    TextTheme textTheme = Theme
      .of(context)
      .textTheme;
    return new Container(
      margin: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 10.0, vertical: 5.0),
      padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 15.0, vertical: 10.0),
      decoration: new BoxDecoration(
        color: Colors.grey.shade200.withOpacity(0.3),
        borderRadius: new BorderRadius.circular(5.0),
      ),
      child: new IntrinsicHeight(
        child: new Row(
          crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.stretch,
          children: <Widget>[
            new Container(
              margin: const EdgeInsets.only(top: 4.0, bottom: 4.0, right: 10.0),
              child: new CircleAvatar(
                backgroundImage: new NetworkImage(
                  'http://thecatapi.com/api/images/get?format=src'
                    '&size=small&type=jpg#${title.hashCode}'
                ),
                radius: 20.0,
              ),
            ),
            new Expanded(
              child: new Container(
                child: new Column(
                  crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
                  mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween,
                  children: <Widget>[
                    new Text(title, style: textTheme.subhead),
                    new Text(author, style: textTheme.caption),
                  ],
                ),
              ),
            ),
            new Container(
              margin: new EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 5.0),
              child: new InkWell(
                child: new Icon(Icons.play_arrow, size: 40.0),
                onTap: () {
                  // TODO(implement)
                },
              ),
            ),
            new Container(
              margin: new EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 5.0),
              child: new InkWell(
                child: new Column(
                  mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
                  crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.center,
                  children: <Widget>[
                    new Icon(Icons.favorite, size: 25.0),
                    new Text('${likes ?? ''}'),
                  ],
                ),
                onTap: () {
                  // TODO(implement)
                },
              ),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class Feed extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return new ListView(
      children: [
        new Song(title: 'Trapadelic lobo', author: 'lillobobeats', likes: 4),
        new Song(title: 'Different', author: 'younglowkey', likes: 23),
        new Song(title: 'Future', author: 'younglowkey', likes: 2),
        new Song(title: 'ASAP', author: 'tha_producer808', likes: 13),
        new Song(title: '', author: 'TraphousePeyton'),
        new Song(title: 'Something sweet...', author: '6ryan'),
        new Song(title: 'Sharpie', author: 'Fergie_6'),
      ],
    );
  }
}

class CustomTabBar extends AnimatedWidget implements PreferredSizeWidget {
  CustomTabBar({ this.pageController, this.pageNames })
    : super(listenable: pageController);

  final PageController pageController;
  final List<String> pageNames;

  @override
  final Size preferredSize = new Size(0.0, 40.0);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    TextTheme textTheme = Theme
      .of(context)
      .textTheme;
    return new Container(
      height: 40.0,
      margin: const EdgeInsets.all(10.0),
      padding: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 20.0),
      decoration: new BoxDecoration(
        color: Colors.grey.shade800.withOpacity(0.5),
        borderRadius: new BorderRadius.circular(20.0),
      ),
      child: new Row(
        mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween,
        children: new List.generate(pageNames.length, (int index) {
          return new InkWell(
            child: new Text(
              pageNames[index],
              style: textTheme.subhead.copyWith(
                color: Colors.white.withOpacity(
                  index == pageController.page ? 1.0 : 0.2,
                ),
              )
            ),
            onTap: () {
              pageController.animateToPage(
                index,
                curve: Curves.easeOut,
                duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 300),
              );
            }
          );
        })
          .toList(),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class HomeScreen extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _HomeScreenState createState() => new _HomeScreenState();
}

class _HomeScreenState extends State<HomeScreen> {

  PageController _pageController = new PageController(initialPage: 2);

  @override
  build(BuildContext context) {
    final Map<String, Widget> pages = <String, Widget>{
      'My Music': new Center(
        child: new Text('My Music not implemented'),
      ),
      'Shared': new Center(
        child: new Text('Shared not implemented'),
      ),
      'Feed': new Feed(),
    };
    TextTheme textTheme = Theme
      .of(context)
      .textTheme;
    return new Stack(
      children: [
        new Container(
          decoration: new BoxDecoration(
            gradient: new LinearGradient(
              begin: FractionalOffset.topCenter,
              end: FractionalOffset.bottomCenter,
              colors: [
                const Color.fromARGB(255, 253, 72, 72),
                const Color.fromARGB(255, 87, 97, 249),
              ],
              stops: [0.0, 1.0],
            )
          ),
          child: new Align(
            alignment: FractionalOffset.bottomCenter,
            child: new Container(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(10.0),
              child: new Text(
                'T I Z E',
                style: textTheme.headline.copyWith(
                  color: Colors.grey.shade800.withOpacity(0.8),
                  fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
                ),
              ),
            )
          )
        ),
        new Scaffold(
          backgroundColor: const Color(0x00000000),
          appBar: new AppBar(
            backgroundColor: const Color(0x00000000),
            elevation: 0.0,
            leading: new Center(
              child: new ClipOval(
                child: new Image.network(
                  'http://i.imgur.com/TtNPTe0.jpg',
                ),
              ),
            ),
            actions: [
              new IconButton(
                icon: new Icon(Icons.add),
                onPressed: () {
                  // TODO: implement
                },
              ),
            ],
            title: const Text('tofu\'s songs'),
            bottom: new CustomTabBar(
              pageController: _pageController,
              pageNames: pages.keys.toList(),
            ),
          ),
          body: new PageView(
            controller: _pageController,
            children: pages.values.toList(),
          ),
        ),
      ],
    );
  }
}

最后说明一点:在这个例子中,我使用了一个常规的AppBar,但你也可以使用CustomScrollView一个钉SliverAppBar有一个elevation0.0.当它滚动到您的应用栏后面时,这将使内容可见.让这个很好地发挥是很棘手的PageView,因为它期望一个固定的大小区域自己进入.

Answer 2

您可以使用Stack并可以将其子项视为Positioned或Align.

示例#1(使用Positioned中Stack)

Stack(
  children: <Widget>[
    Positioned(left: 0.0, child: Text("Top\nleft")),
    Positioned(bottom: 0.0, child: Text("Bottom\nleft")),
    Positioned(top: 0.0, right: 0.0, child: Text("Top\nright")),
    Positioned(bottom: 0.0, right: 0.0, child: Text("Bottom\nright")),
    Positioned(bottom: 0.0, right: 0.0, child: Text("Bottom\nright")),
    Positioned(left: width / 2, top: height / 2, child: Text("Center")),
    Positioned(top: height / 2, child: Text("Center\nleft")),
    Positioned(top: height / 2, right: 0.0, child: Text("Center\nright")),
    Positioned(left: width / 2, child: Text("Center\ntop")),
    Positioned(left: width / 2, bottom: 0.0, child: Text("Center\nbottom")),
  ],
)

示例#2(使用Align中Stack)

Stack(
  children: <Widget>[
    Align(alignment: Alignment.center, child: Text("Center"),),
    Align(alignment: Alignment.topRight, child: Text("Top\nRight"),),
    Align(alignment: Alignment.centerRight, child: Text("Center\nRight"),),
    Align(alignment: Alignment.bottomRight, child: Text("Bottom\nRight"),),
    Align(alignment: Alignment.topLeft, child: Text("Top\nLeft"),),
    Align(alignment: Alignment.centerLeft, child: Text("Center\nLeft"),),
    Align(alignment: Alignment.bottomLeft, child: Text("Bottom\nLeft"),),
    Align(alignment: Alignment.topCenter, child: Text("Top\nCenter"),),
    Align(alignment: Alignment.bottomCenter, child: Text("Bottom\nCenter"),),
    Align(alignment: Alignment(0.0, 0.5), child: Text("Custom\nPostition", style: TextStyle(color: Colors.red, fontSize: 20.0, fontWeight: FontWeight.w800),),),
  ],
);

截图: