与命令行应用程序交互的最佳方式

Question

我需要为与命令行应用程序紧密交互的应用程序编写组件.命令行应用程序询问一系列问题,执行一些计算,然后终止(我需要检测).本质上,我想在包装类中包含这种交互.

过去有没有人取得过相似的成绩？如果是这样,你是怎么做到的？您是否注意到一个模式,或者可能在类中使用一些好的构建？干杯!

Answer 1

您需要重定向输入和输出流,使用Process; 处理两者都稍微复杂一些,因为你需要注意缓冲区中的东西不会丢失(导致死锁).

• MSDN:重定向输入
• MSDN:重定向输出
• 这是一个基本的替代例子.

您可能还希望查看OutputDataReceived以获取基于事件的响应.

Answer 2

当我的回复只是其他地方的链接时，我会感到很沮丧。我不认为 C# 角文章的链接有多大帮助。

这个问题已经有 10 年历史了，但它应该得到澄清。该问题未指定每个问题末尾是否有行结尾 (CrLf)。假设有，如下：

string Answer;
Console.Out.WriteLine("First question: ");
Answer = Console.In.ReadLine();
Console.Out.WriteLine("Another question: ");
Answer = Console.In.ReadLine();
Console.Out.WriteLine("Final question: ");
Answer = Console.In.ReadLine();

然后可以使用以下内容来响应它：

class Program
{
    const string FirstQuestion = "First question: ";
    const string SecondQuestion = "Another question: ";
    const string FinalQuestion = "Final question: ";
    static AutoResetEvent Done = new AutoResetEvent(false);

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        const string TheProgram = @" ... ";
        Process p = new Process();
        ProcessStartInfo psi = new ProcessStartInfo(TheProgram);
        psi.UseShellExecute = false;
        psi.CreateNoWindow = true;
        psi.RedirectStandardInput = true;
        psi.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
        p.StartInfo = psi;
        Console.WriteLine("Executing " + TheProgram);
        p.Start();
        DoPromptsAsync(p);
        Done.WaitOne();
    }

    private static async Task DoPromptsAsync(Process p)
    {
        StreamWriter sw = p.StandardInput;
        StreamReader sr = p.StandardOutput;
        string Question;
        Question = await sr.ReadLineAsync();
        if (Question != FirstQuestion)
            return;
        sw.WriteLine("First answer");
        Console.WriteLine(Question + "answered");
        Question = await sr.ReadLineAsync();
        if (Question != SecondQuestion)
            return;
        sw.WriteLine("Second answer");
        Console.WriteLine(Question + "answered");
        Question = await sr.ReadLineAsync();
        if (Question != FinalQuestion)
            return;
        sw.WriteLine("Final answer");
        Console.WriteLine(Question + "answered");
        Done.Set();
    }
}

以下内容适用于 WPF 应用程序；我使用双击事件进行测试，但这也可以在其他 WPF 事件中使用。

const string TheProgram = @" ... ";
Process p = new Process();
ProcessStartInfo psi = new ProcessStartInfo(TheProgram);
psi.UseShellExecute = false;
//psi.CreateNoWindow = true;
psi.RedirectStandardInput = true;
psi.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
p.StartInfo = psi;
p.Start();
const string FirstQuestion = "First question: ";
const string SecondQuestion = "Another question: ";
const string FinalQuestion = "Final question: ";
StreamWriter sw = p.StandardInput;
StreamReader sr = p.StandardOutput;
string Question;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("Executing " + TheProgram + "\r\n");
Question = await sr.ReadLineAsync();
if (Question != FirstQuestion)
    return;
sw.WriteLine("First answer");
sb.Append(Question + "answered\r\n");
Question = await sr.ReadLineAsync();
if (Question != SecondQuestion)
    return;
sw.WriteLine("Second answer");
sb.Append(Question + "answered\r\n");
Question = await sr.ReadLineAsync();
if (Question != FinalQuestion)
    return;
sw.WriteLine("Final answer");
sb.Append(Question + "answered\r\n");
ResultBox.Text = sb.ToString();

我认为如果每个问题后面没有换行符，事情会更复杂。