Twi*_*ice 6 clojure datalog datomic
假设我有entry具有 ref-to-many 属性的实体:entry/groups。我应该如何构建查询以查找其:entry/groups属性包含我所有输入外部 ID 的实体?
下一个伪代码将更好地说明我的问题:
[2 3] ; having this as input foreign ids
;; and having these entry entities in db
[{:entry/id "A" :entry/groups [2 3 4]}
{:entry/id "B" :entry/groups [2]}
{:entry/id "C" :entry/groups [2 3]}
{:entry/id "D" :entry/groups [1 2 3]}
{:entry/id "E" :entry/groups [2 4]}]
;; only A, C, D should be pulled
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
作为 Datomic/Datalog 的新手,我用尽了所有选项,因此感谢您提供任何帮助。谢谢!
您正在解决 Datomic 数据日志中“动态结合”的一般问题。
这里有 3 个策略:
Datalog 没有直接的方式来表达动态连接(逻辑 AND /“for all ...”/集合交集)。但是,您可以在纯 Datalog 中通过组合一个析取(逻辑 OR /“存在...”/集合并)和两个否定来实现它,即(For all ?g in ?Gs p(?e,?g)) <=> NOT(Exists ?g in ?Gs, such that NOT(p(?e, ?g)))
就您而言,这可以表示为:
[:find [?entry ...] :in $ ?groups :where
;; these 2 clauses are for restricting the set of considered datoms, which is more efficient (and necessary in Datomic's Datalog, which will refuse to scan the whole db)
;; NOTE: this imposes ?groups cannot be empty!
[(first ?groups) ?group0]
[?entry :entry/groups ?group0]
;; here comes the double negation
(not-join [?entry ?groups]
[(identity ?groups) [?group ...]]
(not-join [?entry ?group]
[?entry :entry/groups ?group]))]
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
好消息:这可以表示为非常通用的 Datalog 规则(我最终可能会将其添加到Datofu中):
[(matches-all ?e ?a ?vs)
[(first ?vs) ?v0]
[?e ?a ?v0]
(not-join [?e ?a ?vs]
[(seq ?vs) [?v ...]]
(not-join [?e ?a ?v]
[?e ?a ?v]))]
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
...这意味着您的查询现在可以表示为:
[:find [?entry ...] :in % $ ?groups :where
(matches-all ?entry :entry/groups ?groups)]
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
注意:有一种使用递归规则的替代实现:
[[(matches-all ?e ?a ?vs)
[(seq ?vs)]
[(first ?vs) ?v]
[?e ?a ?v]
[(rest ?vs) ?vs2]
(matches-all ?e ?a ?vs2)]
[(matches-all ?e ?a ?vs)
[(empty? ?vs)]]]
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
这个的优点是接受空集合?vs(只要 和?e已?a在查询中以某种其他方式绑定)。
生成查询代码的优点是在这种情况下相对简单,并且它可能比更动态的替代方案使查询执行更高效。在 Datomic 中生成 Datalog 查询的缺点是您可能会失去查询计划缓存的好处;因此,即使您要生成查询,您仍然希望使它们尽可能通用(即仅取决于值的数量v)
(defn q-find-having-all-vs
[n-vs]
(let [v-syms (for [i (range n-vs)]
(symbol (str "?v" i)))]
{:find '[[?e ...]]
:in (into '[$ ?a] v-syms)
:where
(for [?v v-syms]
['?e '?a ?v])}))
;; examples
(q-find-having-all-vs 1)
=> {:find [[?e ...]],
:in [$ ?a ?v0],
:where
([?e ?a ?v0])}
(q-find-having-all-vs 2)
=> {:find [[?e ...]],
:in [$ ?a ?v0 ?v1],
:where
([?e ?a ?v0]
[?e ?a ?v1])}
(q-find-having-all-vs 3)
=> {:find [[?e ...]],
:in [$ ?a ?v0 ?v1 ?v2],
:where
([?e ?a ?v0]
[?e ?a ?v1]
[?e ?a ?v2])}
;; executing the query: note that we're passing the attribute and values!
(apply d/q (q-find-having-all-vs (count groups))
db :entry/group groups)
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
我完全不确定上述方法在 Datomic Datalog 当前实现中的效率如何。如果您的基准测试显示这很慢,您始终可以回退到直接索引访问。
以下是 Clojure 中使用 AVET 索引的示例:
(defn find-having-all-vs
"Given a database value `db`, an attribute identifier `a` and a non-empty seq of entity identifiers `vs`,
returns a set of entity identifiers for entities which have all the values in `vs` via `a`"
[db a vs]
;; DISCLAIMER: a LOT can be done to improve the efficiency of this code!
(apply clojure.set/intersection
(for [v vs]
(into #{}
(map :e)
(d/datoms db :avet a v)))))
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
| 归档时间: |
|
| 查看次数: |
719 次 |
| 最近记录: |