使用CMake的GoogleTest for Android NDK C++

Question

如何使用CMake在Android上为我的本机C++代码设置GoogleTest？Android NDK与googletest捆绑在一起,但说明仅适用于Android.mk(此处).如何将Android.mk gtest设置移植到我的CMakeLists.txt？一旦设置好了,是否可以通过Android Studio的测试配置运行测试运行器？

Answer 1

我只能回答你的第一个问题和主要问题，但这是一个可行的解决方案。它不是 Android 特有的；只要您可以运行 CMake 和 CTest，它就可以工作。

我对 GoogleTest 不太了解，但我记得几个月前有一个非常类似的问题。就我而言，我想将 CMake 与 Boost UnitTestFramework 结合使用。

我搜索了一下，然后发现了某个教程。他们提供的解决方案只是使用正则表达式来解析测试文件的内容。好处是，它是非常可定制的，并且允许每个文件进行多个单元测试。我这样做了，而且效果非常好。当然，当您添加新的单元测试时，您必须重新运行 CMake。

就像我说的，我下面发布的内容是针对 Boost UnitTestFramework 的，但最大的区别在于正则表达式和我使用的变量名称。如果您不习惯在 CMake 中使用正则表达式（我不习惯），这里是有关字符串操作的官方文档页面。

这是CMakeLists.txt我最终得到的文件。我将其用作目录CMakeLists.txt下的独立文件test/。

# =============================
# =       ADDING TESTS        =
# =============================

include(CTest)

find_package(Boost COMPONENTS unit_test_framework REQUIRED)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})

file(GLOB_RECURSE TEST_SRCS RELATIVE ${TEST_SOURCE_DIR} *.cpp)

set(TEST_EXTRA_LIBS ${Boost_LIBRARIES} ${TEST_MAIN_LIB})


# Function which, given a file name and a test name, yields the
# name of the GoogleTest test case.
# That way, several different files can have the same test name.
# Adapt this to GoogleTest.
function(getTestCase testFileName testName outTestCase)
    string(REGEX MATCH "Test([_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*)" match ${testFileName})
    string(REGEX REPLACE ".*Test([_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*).*" "\\1" testCase ${match})
    set(testCase Test${testCase}${testName})
    set(${outTestCase} ${testCase} PARENT_SCOPE)
endfunction()


# Function which adds all tests within a certain test file.
function(add_all_tests_in testSrc)
    get_filename_component(testFileName ${testSrc} NAME_WE)

    add_executable(${testFileName} ${testSrc})
    target_link_libraries(${testFileName} ${TEST_EXTRA_LIBS})
    set_target_properties(${testFileName} PROPERTIES RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})

    file(READ "${testSrc}" testFileContents)

    # You should change this Regex for what you need in your case.
    # Maybe something like:
    # "TEST\\( *([_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]* *, *[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*) *\\)"
    string(REGEX MATCHALL "DEF_TEST_CASE\\( *([_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*) *\\)" unitTests ${testFileContents})

    foreach(match ${unitTests})
        # This replace will also probably need some change.
        string(REGEX REPLACE ".*\\( *([_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*) *\\).*" "\\1" testName ${match})
        getTestCase(${testFileName} ${testName} testCase)
        # Actually add the test.
        # I wanted my CTest test names to be in the form
        # <fileName>.<testName>, but you can use any
        # format you want. Suit yourself.
        # 
        # Also, in order for CMake to run the tests one by one,
        # you have to find how to invoke the test executable.
        # In the case of Boost, the option --run_test=<Boost_Test_Name>
        # runs only the test called <Boost_Test_Name>. There should be
        # an equivalent option for GoogleTest, I'm sure.
        add_test(NAME "${testFileName}.${testName}" WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR} COMMAND ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${testFileName} --run_test=${testCase} --catch_system_error=yes)
    endforeach()
endfunction()



# Actually add all tests in all test files.
foreach(testSrc ${TEST_SRCS})
    add_all_tests_in(${testSrc})
endforeach()

对我有用。在目录下运行 CMake 后build/，运行所有测试会产生：

$ cd test && ctest

Test project /home/anthonyd973/Git/Git_Projects/MySweeper/build/test
      Start  1: TestFieldMaker.makeFromFile
 1/12 Test  #1: TestFieldMaker.makeFromFile ........   Passed    0.03 sec
      Start  2: TestFieldMaker.make
 2/12 Test  #2: TestFieldMaker.make ................   Passed    0.01 sec
      Start  3: TestFieldMaker._computeFieldDims
 3/12 Test  #3: TestFieldMaker._computeFieldDims ...   Passed    0.01 sec
      Start  4: TestFieldMaker._populateField
 4/12 Test  #4: TestFieldMaker._populateField ......   Passed    0.00 sec
      Start  5: TestInputField.InputField
 5/12 Test  #5: TestInputField.InputField ..........   Passed    0.00 sec
      Start  6: TestCell.Cell
 6/12 Test  #6: TestCell.Cell ......................   Passed    0.00 sec
      Start  7: TestCell.initNeighbours
 7/12 Test  #7: TestCell.initNeighbours ............   Passed    0.00 sec
      Start  8: TestCell.updateNeighbours
 8/12 Test  #8: TestCell.updateNeighbours ..........   Passed    0.00 sec
      Start  9: TestCell._mark
 9/12 Test  #9: TestCell._mark .....................   Passed    0.00 sec
      Start 10: TestMySweeper.MySweeper
10/12 Test #10: TestMySweeper.MySweeper ............   Passed    0.00 sec
      Start 11: TestField.Field
11/12 Test #11: TestField.Field ....................   Passed    0.01 sec
      Start 12: TestField._initNeighbours
12/12 Test #12: TestField._initNeighbours ..........   Passed    0.00 sec
100% tests passed, 0 tests failed out of 12
Total Test time (real) =   0.10 sec

希望使用正则表达式不会给您带来两个问题:)。