如何将正则表达式与 Ansible 一起使用？

Question

我在 Ansible 2 中获取匹配的正则表达式模式时遇到问题。有人可以帮助我理解我做错了什么吗？谢谢。

--- # Disable auto update for Ubuntu
- hosts: nonedgeLinux
  become: yes
  tasks:
    - name: disable auto updates
      replace:
        dest: /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades
        regexp: '(?:[ \t]*\"\${distro_id}:\${distro_codename}-security\";)'
        replace: '//  "\${distro_id}:\${distro_codename}-security\";'

我使用https://regex101.com/根据正在搜索的文件内容的复制/粘贴来验证正则表达式。此测试报告正则表达式模式是正确的。每次在 Ubuntu 16.04.2 机器上运行时，我都会得到以下结果：

root@sbx54:/data/scripts/ansible# ansible-playbook disableAutoUpdate.yml -vvvv
Using /data/scripts/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file
Loaded callback default of type stdout, v2.0
1 plays in disableAutoUpdate.yml

PLAY ****************************************************************************

TASK [setup] *******************************************************************
ESTABLISH LOCAL CONNECTION FOR USER: root
localhost EXEC ( umask 22 && mkdir -p "$( echo $HOME/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1492480514.73-9504514182168 )" && echo "$( echo $HOME/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1492480514.73-9504514182168 )" )
localhost PUT /tmp/tmpkYPc6g TO /root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1492480514.73-9504514182168/setup
localhost EXEC LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8 /usr/bin/python /root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1492480514.73-9504514182168/setup; rm -rf "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1492480514.73-9504514182168/" > /dev/null 2>&1
ok: [localhost]

TASK [disable auto updates] ****************************************************
task path: /data/scripts/ansible/disableAutoUpdate.yml:15
ESTABLISH LOCAL CONNECTION FOR USER: root
localhost EXEC ( umask 22 && mkdir -p "$( echo $HOME/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1492480515.71-278594852314124 )" && echo "$( echo $HOME/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1492480515.71-278594852314124 )" )
localhost PUT /tmp/tmpG3gchf TO /root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1492480515.71-278594852314124/replace
localhost EXEC LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8 /usr/bin/python /root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1492480515.71-278594852314124/replace; rm -rf "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1492480515.71-278594852314124/" > /dev/null 2>&1
ok: [localhost] => {"changed": false, "invocation": {"module_args": {"backup": false, "content": null, "delimiter": null, "dest": "/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades", "directory_mode": null, "follow": false, "force": null, "group": null, "mode": null, "owner": null, "regexp": "(?:(?!\\/\\/).*[ \\t]*\\\"\\${distro_id}:\\${distro_codename}-security\\\";)/g", "remote_src": null, "replace": "replaced", "selevel": null, "serole": null, "setype": null, "seuser": null, "src": null, "validate": null}, "module_name": "replace"}, "msg": ""}

PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0

这是正在搜索的文件的片段：

Unattended-Upgrade::Allowed-Origins {
    "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}";
    "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-system";
//  "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-updates";
//  "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-proposed";
//  "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-backports";
};

# ansible --version
ansible 2.0.0.2
config file = /data/scripts/ansible/ansible.cfg
configured module search path = Default w/o overrides

最后一点：当仅查找字符串时，我确实在此文件中成功进行了搜索和替换。当寻找整行时，就会失败。另外，我也尝试转义特殊字符，例如[/][/]代替 等\/\/\，但没有成功。

Answer 1

除了尝试与 匹配的错误之外security，system您不需要转义参数中的双引号或参数中的美元符号replace（否则反斜杠将被插入到文件中）：

- name: disable auto updates
  replace:
    dest: /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades
    regexp: '(?:[ \t]*"\${distro_id}:\${distro_codename}-system";)'
    replace: '//  "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-system";'

您可以使用模块实现相同的结果lineinfile（这使代码更具可读性，恕我直言）：

- name: disable auto updates
  lineinfile:
    dest: /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades
    regexp: '"\${distro_id}:\${distro_codename}-system"'
    line: '//  "${distro_id}:${distro_codename}-system";'