如何在 Python 3 中向 matplotlib 2.0 `ax` 对象添加黑色边框？

Question

我最近一直在使用样式表matplotlib。我真的很喜欢seaborn-white外观的干净程度，我希望能够将边框添加到其他样式中，例如ggplot或seaborn-whitegrid。

如何在我的ax对象周围添加黑色边框fig, ax = plt.subplots()？

import pandas as pd
import numpy  as np
from collections import *

Se_data = pd.Series(Counter(np.random.randint(0,10,100)))
with plt.style.context("seaborn-whitegrid"):
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    Se_data.plot(kind="barh", ax=ax, title="No Border")
with plt.style.context("seaborn-white"):
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    Se_data.plot(kind="barh", ax=ax, title="With Border")

回应以下答案：

Se_data = pd.Series(Counter(np.random.randint(0,10,100)))
with plt.style.context("seaborn-whitegrid"):
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    Se_data.plot(kind="barh", ax=ax, title="No Border")
    ax.spines['bottom'].set_color('0.5')
    ax.spines['top'].set_color(None)
    ax.spines['right'].set_color('0.5')
    ax.spines['left'].set_color(None)
    ax.patch.set_facecolor('0.1')
    plt.grid(b=True, which='major', color='0.2', linestyle='-')
    plt.grid(b=True, which='minor', color='0.2', linestyle='-')
    ax.tick_params(axis='x', colors='0.7', which='both')
    ax.tick_params(axis='y', colors='0.7', which='both')
    ax.yaxis.label.set_color('0.9')
    ax.xaxis.label.set_color('0.9')
    ax.margins(5)
    fig.patch.set_facecolor('0.15')

Answer 1

看看这个。你要找的是这两行：

ax.patch.set_edgecolor('black')  

ax.patch.set_linewidth('1')  

Answer 2

你可能想要ax.spines.set_color()

这些将为您提供广泛的定制解决方案选择：

ax.spines['bottom'].set_color('0.5')
ax.spines['top'].set_color(None)
ax.spines['right'].set_color('0.5')
ax.spines['left'].set_color(None)
ax.patch.set_facecolor('0.1')
plt.grid(b=True, which='major', color='0.2', linestyle='-')
plt.grid(b=True, which='minor', color='0.2', linestyle='-')
ax.tick_params(axis='x', colors='0.7', which='both')
ax.tick_params(axis='y', colors='0.7', which='both')
ax.yaxis.label.set_color('0.9')
ax.xaxis.label.set_color('0.9')
ax.margins(0.5)
fig.patch.set_facecolor('0.15')

有关更多详细信息，请参阅： http: //matplotlib.org/api/spines_api.html

Answer 3

seaborn-whitegrid 和 seaborn-white 样式之间的区别是

seaborn-whitegrid

axes.grid: True
axes.edgecolor: .8
axes.linewidth: 1

白色

axes.grid: False
axes.edgecolor: .15
axes.linewidth: 1.25

因此，以下将提供相同的图：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import numpy  as np
from collections import *

Se_data = pd.Series(Counter(np.random.randint(0,10,100)))
with plt.style.context("seaborn-whitegrid"):
    plt.rcParams["axes.edgecolor"] = "0.15"
    plt.rcParams["axes.linewidth"]  = 1.25
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    Se_data.plot(kind="barh", ax=ax, title="No Border")
with plt.style.context("seaborn-white"):
    plt.rcParams["axes.grid"] = True
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    Se_data.plot(kind="barh", ax=ax, title="With Border")