Plotly+Python:如何在 3D 中绘制箭头?

ano*_*non 10 python plotly

我正在使用 Plotly+Python。如何在 3D 中绘制由箭头表示的单个向量?

注释(这本来是一个 hacky 解决方法)仅是 2D 的,而 Quiver 图也是仅 2D 的。

小智 5

我认为你可以在 3D 中使用直线和圆锥的组合。假设你的线从 (x, y, z) 开始,到 (p, q, r) 结束,那么锥体接受 XYZ 和 UV W。现在你可以设置 X = p, Y= q, Z=r 这是中点圆锥体的底面。要使锥体指向与线相同的方向但小于线的长度(例如 10%),可以设置 U = 0.1*(px)、V = 0.1*(qy)、W = 0.1*(rz)。

https://plotly.com/python/cone-plot/


qwr*_*qwr 5

从 Abdul Saboor 的回答来看,这就是我如何(在plotly.js中)制作看起来合理的彩色箭头:

// example arrow endpoints
const x = [0.5, 1];
const y = [1, 2];
const z = [0, 0.5];

const data = [
    {
        x: x,
        y: y,
        z: z,
        mode: "lines",
        type: "scatter3d",
        hoverinfo: "none",
        line: {
            color: "blue",
            width: 3
        }
    },
    {
        type: "cone",
        x: [x[1]],
        y: [y[1]],
        z: [z[1]],
        u: [0.3*(x[1]-x[0])],
        v: [0.3*(y[1]-y[0])],
        w: [0.3*(z[1]-z[0])],
        anchor: "tip", // make cone tip be at endpoint
        hoverinfo: "none",
        colorscale: [[0, "blue"], [1, "blue"]], // color all cones blue
        showscale: false,
    }
];

Plotly.newPlot('myDiv',data);
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<head>
    <!-- Load plotly.js into the DOM -->
    <script src='https://cdn.plot.ly/plotly-2.3.1.min.js'></script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id='myDiv'><!-- Plotly chart will be drawn inside this DIV --></div>
</body>
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https://plotly.com/javascript/cone-plot/

https://plotly.com/javascript/reference/cone/


jre*_*lad 3

正如迈克·怀斯(Mike Wise)提到的,不可能直接做到这一点,但是,您可以计算矢量,然后通过绘制到原点的线来绘制它:

例如:在 3D 中绘制一些点并绘制与这些点的质心相对应的向量

import plotly.graph_objs as go
from plotly.offline import plot

#prepare plotting points
#points are: (0,5,5),(5,0,0),(5,10,5),(10,5,5)
points = go.Scatter3d( x = [0,5,5,10],
                       y = [5,0,10,5],
                       z = [5,0,5,0],
                       mode = 'markers',
                       marker = dict( size = 2,
                                      color = "rgb(227,26,28)")
                     )
#Compute centroid of all 3 points by taking the mean of each of
#its coordinates (not sure this is the right definition of centroid)
centerX = (0+5+5+10) / float(4)
centerY = (5+0+10+5) / float(4)
centerZ = (5+0+5+0) / float(4)

#Prepare centroid vector
vector = go.Scatter3d( x = [0,centerX],
                       y = [0,centerY],
                       z = [0,centerZ],
                       marker = dict( size = 1,
                                      color = "rgb(84,48,5)"),
                       line = dict( color = "rgb(84,48,5)",
                                    width = 6)
                     )
data = [points,vector]
layout = go.Layout(margin = dict( l = 0,
                                  r = 0,
                                  b = 0,
                                  t = 0)
                  )
fig = go.Figure(data=data,layout=layout)
plot(fig,filename="vector.html",auto_open=False,image='png',image_height=800,image_width=1500)
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这将产生:

在此输入图像描述

如果你打开交互式html文件会好很多