如何使用python3创建虚拟环境

Question

我使用python 2.7 + virtualenv版本1.10.1来运行myproject项目.由于一些其他项目的要求,我必须使用其他版本的python(Python 3.5)和Django 1.9.为此我在我的用户目录中安装了python.此外,我已经下载并将virtualenv(版本 - 15.1.0)安装到我的用户目录中.但每当我尝试创建虚拟环境时,我都会收到以下错误

python virtualenv/virtualenv.py myproject

---

Using base prefix '/home/myuser/python3'
New python executable in /home/mount/myuser/project_python3/myproject/bin/python
ERROR: The executable /home/mount/myuser/project_python3/myproject/bin/python is not functioning
ERROR: It thinks sys.prefix is '/home/myuser/python3' (should be '/home/mount/myuser/project_python3/myproject')
ERROR: virtualenv is not compatible with this system or executable

任何人都可以告诉我这件事我做错了什么

Answer 1

在Python 3.6+中,不推荐使用pyvenv模块.请改用以下单线:

python3 -m venv <myenvname>

这是Python社区创建虚拟环境的推荐方法.

Answer 2

创建虚拟环境

virtualenv -p python3 venv_name 

这将在 baseDirectory/bin/python3 中创建新的 python 可执行文件

如何激活新创建的 Venv：

cd baseDirectory/bin/  

source activate  

停用新的 venv

deactivate 

Answer 3

venv从版本3.3 开始,Python已经内置了"virtualenv" .您不再需要安装或下载virtualenvPython 3.3+ 的脚本.

https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html

检查您的安装是否提供了pyvenv应该负责创建"virtualenv"的命令.参数类似于经典的virtualenv项目.

$ pyvenv --help
usage: venv [-h] [--system-site-packages] [--symlinks | --copies] [--clear]
            [--upgrade] [--without-pip]
            ENV_DIR [ENV_DIR ...]

Creates virtual Python environments in one or more target directories.

positional arguments:
  ENV_DIR               A directory to create the environment in.

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  --system-site-packages
                        Give the virtual environment access to the system
                        site-packages dir.
  --symlinks            Try to use symlinks rather than copies, when symlinks
                        are not the default for the platform.
  --copies              Try to use copies rather than symlinks, even when
                        symlinks are the default for the platform.
  --clear               Delete the contents of the environment directory if it
                        already exists, before environment creation.
  --upgrade             Upgrade the environment directory to use this version
                        of Python, assuming Python has been upgraded in-place.
  --without-pip         Skips installing or upgrading pip in the virtual
                        environment (pip is bootstrapped by default)

Once an environment has been created, you may wish to activate it, e.g. by
sourcing an activate script in its bin directory.