NoCredentialsError：无法找到凭证-Python模块Boto3

Question

我django在python虚拟环境（virtualenv）中运行。该django网站由apache2Amazon ec2实例（ubuntu 16.04）提供服务。我使用boto3模块写到亚马逊S3。

我正确安装awscli并运行aws configure并设置了AWS Access Key。（我知道我配置正确，因为它$ aws s3 ls返回了我的s3存储桶的正确列表。）

但是，当我尝试从Django应用程序向s3中写入一些对象时，它无法产生标题中所述的错误。

我最近移到了一个新实例，并开始使用python虚拟环境。在此之前，它可以正常工作。我已经阅读了关于SO和AWS文档的问题。下面是堆栈跟踪。

Environment:


Request Method: POST
Request URL: http://*******/product/4

Django Version: 1.10.6
Python Version: 3.5.2
Installed Applications:
('django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'abc.apps.abcdirectConfig')
Installed Middleware:
('django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware')



Traceback:

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner
  42.             response = get_response(request)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _legacy_get_response
  249.             response = self._get_response(request)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
  187.                 response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response
  185.                 response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
  23.                 return view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)

File "/home/ubuntu/abcdirect/abcdirect/views.py" in view_product
  385.             s3.Bucket('abccms').put_object(Key=s3_file_name, Body=s3_file_data)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/boto3/resources/factory.py" in do_action
  520.                 response = action(self, *args, **kwargs)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/boto3/resources/action.py" in __call__
  83.         response = getattr(parent.meta.client, operation_name)(**params)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/botocore/client.py" in _api_call
  253.             return self._make_api_call(operation_name, kwargs)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/botocore/client.py" in _make_api_call
  530.                 operation_model, request_dict)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/botocore/endpoint.py" in make_request
  141.         return self._send_request(request_dict, operation_model)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/botocore/endpoint.py" in _send_request
  166.         request = self.create_request(request_dict, operation_model)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/botocore/endpoint.py" in create_request
  150.                                      operation_name=operation_model.name)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/botocore/hooks.py" in emit
  227.         return self._emit(event_name, kwargs)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/botocore/hooks.py" in _emit
  210.             response = handler(**kwargs)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/botocore/signers.py" in handler
  90.         return self.sign(operation_name, request)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/botocore/signers.py" in sign
  147.             auth.add_auth(request)

File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/botocore/auth.py" in add_auth
  679.             raise NoCredentialsError

Exception Type: NoCredentialsError at /product/4
Exception Value: Unable to locate credentials

Answer 1

我弄清楚了我得到错误的原因。我会发布答案，以防万一其他人遇到此问题。

tl; dr：aws配置文件不在Apache的主目录中

django应用程序在用户www-data（apache2）下运行。当我使用配置凭据时aws configure，我的设置存储在.aws/config文件中。

现在这就是问题所在。

该.aws/configure文件存储在我的主目录中，而不是默认情况下的www-data（apache2）的主目录中/var/www。因此，当django应用程序调用boto3模块时，该模块正在中查找配置文件，/var/www/.aws/config而我的文件在中/home/ubuntu/.aws/config。

只需复制相关文件即可/var/www/为我解决问题。