在 Django admin 中搜索时出错

Question

这是我的代码的相关部分：

模型.py

class Blogger(models.Model):
    identity = models.ForeignKey(User, models.SET_NULL, null=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.identity.username

我希望能够通过他们的博客来搜索blogger_instance.identity.username，所以我这样做了：

管理员.py

@admin.register(Blogger)
class BloggerAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('__str__', 'identity')
    search_fields = ['__str__']

我转到http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/blog/blogger/，user在搜索字段中输入，点击Search，然后得到一个FieldError：

FieldError at /admin/blog/blogger/
Cannot resolve keyword '' into field. Choices are: bio, blog, comment, id, identity, identity_id
Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/blog/blogger/?q=user
Django Version: 1.10.6
Exception Type: FieldError
Exception Value:    
Cannot resolve keyword '' into field. Choices are: bio, blog, comment, id, identity, identity_id
Exception Location: /Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py
in names_to_path, line 1327
Python Executable:  /Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/bin/python
Python Version: 3.6.0
Python Path:    
['/Users/sunqingyao/PycharmProjects/diyblog',
 '/Users/sunqingyao/PycharmProjects/diyblog',
 '/Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/lib/python36.zip',
 '/Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/lib/python3.6',
 '/Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload',
 '/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6',
 '/Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/lib/python3.6/site-packages']
Server time:    Tue, 28 Mar 2017 13:01:58 +0800

当我改变时

search_fields = ['__str__']

到

search_fields = ['identity']

我得到了一个类型错误：

TypeError at /admin/blog/blogger/
Related Field got invalid lookup: icontains
Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/blog/blogger/?q=user
Django Version: 1.10.6
Exception Type: TypeError
Exception Value:    
Related Field got invalid lookup: icontains
Exception Location: /Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/related.py in get_lookup, line 694
Python Executable:  /Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/bin/python
Python Version: 3.6.0
Python Path:    
['/Users/sunqingyao/PycharmProjects/diyblog',
 '/Users/sunqingyao/PycharmProjects/diyblog',
 '/Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/lib/python36.zip',
 '/Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/lib/python3.6',
 '/Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload',
 '/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.6.0/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6',
 '/Users/sunqingyao/Envs/django_test/lib/python3.6/site-packages']
Server time:    Tue, 28 Mar 2017 13:12:09 +0800

我应该设置什么值search_fields？

Answer 1

检查搜索字段文档，如其中所述

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这些字段应该是某种文本字段，例如 CharField 或\n TextField。您还可以使用查找 API \xe2\x80\x9cfollow\xe2\x80\x9d 表示法对ForeignKey 或\n ManyToManyField 执行相关查找：

\n\n

search_fields = [\'foreign_key__related_fieldname\']\n

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所以在你的情况下

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search_fields = [\'identity__username\']\n

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另请注意，它并没有说您可以像您最初尝试的那样使用计算属性

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