jon*_*iba 10 bash user-input interactive
我在这样的bash脚本中提示问题:
optionsAudits=("Yep" "Nope")
echo "Include audits?"
select opt in "${optionsAudits[@]}"; do
case $REPLY in
1) includeAudits=true; break ;;
2) includeAudits=false; break ;;
"\n") echo "You pressed enter"; break ;; # <--- doesn't work
*) echo "What's that?"; exit;;
esac
done
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
按Enter键时如何选择默认选项?该"\n"案件不赶回车键.
为了补充Aserre 的有用答案,它解释了您的代码问题并提供了有效的解决方法,包括背景信息和select允许空输入的通用、可重用的自定义实现:
明确说明:select 它本身会忽略空输入(只需按Enter)并简单地重新提示- 用户代码甚至无法响应运行。
事实上,select使用空字符串向用户代码表明输入了无效选项。
也就是说,如果输出变量 - 在$opt这种情况下为 int -在语句中为空select,则暗示用户键入了无效的选择索引。
的输出变量接收所选择的选项的文本-无论是'Yep'或'Nope'在这种情况下-不是索引由用户键入。
(相比之下,您的代码检查$REPLY而不是输出变量,它包含用户键入的内容,这是有效选择的索引,但可能包含额外的前导和尾随空格)。
请注意,倘若你不希望允许空的输入,你可以简单地表示在提示文本,用户^C(Ctrl+C)可以用来中止提示。
select也接受空输入的通用自定义函数下面的函数模拟了什么select,同时还允许空输入(只需按Enter)。注意该函数拦截无效输入,打印警告,并重新提示:
# Custom `select` implementation that allows *empty* input.
# Pass the choices as individual arguments.
# Output is the chosen item, or "", if the user just pressed ENTER.
# Example:
# choice=$(selectWithDefault 'one' 'two' 'three')
selectWithDefault() {
local item i=0 numItems=$#
# Print numbered menu items, based on the arguments passed.
for item; do # Short for: for item in "$@"; do
printf '%s\n' "$((++i))) $item"
done >&2 # Print to stderr, as `select` does.
# Prompt the user for the index of the desired item.
while :; do
printf %s "${PS3-#? }" >&2 # Print the prompt string to stderr, as `select` does.
read -r index
# Make sure that the input is either empty or that a valid index was entered.
[[ -z $index ]] && break # empty input
(( index >= 1 && index <= numItems )) 2>/dev/null || { echo "Invalid selection. Please try again." >&2; continue; }
break
done
# Output the selected item, if any.
[[ -n $index ]] && printf %s "${@: index:1}"
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
你可以这样称呼它:
# Print the prompt message and call the custom select function.
echo "Include audits (default is 'Nope')?"
optionsAudits=('Yep' 'Nope')
opt=$(selectWithDefault "${optionsAudits[@]}")
# Process the selected item.
case $opt in
'Yep') includeAudits=true; ;;
''|'Nope') includeAudits=false; ;; # $opt is '' if the user just pressed ENTER
esac
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
注意:这段代码并没有解决问题,而是展示了select语句的更惯用用法;与原始代码不同,如果做出无效选择,此代码将重新显示提示:
optionsAudits=("Yep" "Nope")
echo "Include audits (^C to abort)?"
select opt in "${optionsAudits[@]}"; do
# $opt being empty signals invalid input.
[[ -n $opt ]] || { echo "What's that? Please try again." >&2; continue; }
break # a valid choice was made, exit the prompt.
done
case $opt in # $opt now contains the *text* of the chosen option
'Yep')
includeAudits=true
;;
'Nope') # could be just `*` in this case.
includeAudits=false
;;
esac
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
笔记:
该case语句已移出该select语句,因为后者现在保证只能进行有效输入。
该case语句测试输出变量( $opt) 而不是原始用户输入 ( $REPLY),并且该变量包含选择文本,而不是其索引。
您的问题是由于select忽略空输入的事实。对于您的情况,read将更合适,但是您将丢失select提供用于自动菜单创建的实用程序。
要模拟的行为select,您可以执行以下操作:
#!/bin/bash
optionsAudits=("Yep" "Nope")
while : #infinite loop. be sure to break out of it when a valid choice is made
do
i=1
echo "Include Audits?"
#we recreate manually the menu here
for o in "${optionsAudits[@]}"; do
echo "$i) $o"
let i++
done
read reply
#the user can either type the option number or copy the option text
case $reply in
"1"|"${optionsAudits[0]}") includeAudits=true; break;;
"2"|"${optionsAudits[1]}") includeAudits=false; break;;
"") echo "empty"; break;;
*) echo "Invalid choice. Please choose an existing option number.";;
esac
done
echo "choice : \"$reply\""
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
| 归档时间: |
|
| 查看次数: |
3935 次 |
| 最近记录: |