使用 Spring Boot 和 Thymeleaf 发送 HTML 电子邮件

Question

我正在检查如何使用 Spring Boot 发送电子邮件。使用标准 Spring Boot 模块发送电子邮件，并使用 Thymeleaf 模板引擎为消息准备 HTML 内容。这是我使用的依赖项

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.icegreen</groupId>
            <artifactId>greenmail</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <!-- Import dependency management from Spring Boot -->
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

这是我的邮件客户端

@Service
public class MailClient {

    private JavaMailSender mailSender;
    private MailContentBuilder mailContentBuilder;

    @Autowired
    public MailClient(JavaMailSender mailSender, MailContentBuilder mailContentBuilder) {
        this.mailSender = mailSender;
        this.mailContentBuilder = mailContentBuilder;
    }

    public void prepareAndSend(String recipient, String message) {
        MimeMessagePreparator messagePreparator = mimeMessage -> {
            MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage);
            messageHelper.setFrom("amadeu.cabanilles@gmail.com");
            messageHelper.setTo("amadeu.cabanilles@gmail.com");
            messageHelper.setSubject("Sample mail subject");
            String content = mailContentBuilder.build(message);
            messageHelper.setText(content, true);
        };
        try {
            mailSender.send(messagePreparator);
        } catch (MailException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

这是我的测试班

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(Application.class)
public class MailClientTest {

    @Autowired
    private MailClient mailClient;

    private GreenMail smtpServer;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        smtpServer = new GreenMail(new ServerSetup(25, null, "smtp"));
        smtpServer.start();
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldSendMail() throws Exception {
        //given
        String recipient = "amadeu.cabanilles@gmail.com";
        String message = "Test message content";
        //when
        mailClient.prepareAndSend(recipient, message);
        //then
        String content = "<span>" + message + "</span>";
        assertReceivedMessageContains(content);
    }

    private void assertReceivedMessageContains(String expected) throws IOException, MessagingException {
        MimeMessage[] receivedMessages = smtpServer.getReceivedMessages();
        assertEquals(1, receivedMessages.length);
        String content = (String) receivedMessages[0].getContent();
        System.out.println(content);
        assertTrue(content.contains(expected));
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        smtpServer.stop();
    }
}

在我的电脑上执行测试没问题，我通过了测试，但我没有收到任何电子邮件。

Answer 1

您没有收到任何电子邮件，因为此集成测试使用本地测试 SMTP 服务器存根 - GreenMail。该测试不会发送真实的电子邮件，仅验证邮件是否已准备好并正确发送（如果生产中存在真实的 SMTP 服务器）。

为了从您的本地环境发送电子邮件，您需要设置一些 SMTP 服务器，但是，如果邮件实际发送，则自动验证是完全不同的故事。